Use of 'In, On, and At'Day 27th English Language

Day 27th English Language 

 Use of 'In, On, and At'

1.      Location (Inside a physical space)
Used when something is inside a defined area or container.

English	Nepali
The keys are in my bag.	चाबीहरू मेरो झोलामा छन्।
She lives in Kathmandu.	उनी काठमाडौंमा बस्छिन्।
The pen is in the drawer.	कलम ड्रअरभित्र छ।

2. Time (Longer periods – months, years, seasons, centuries)

Used for non-specific times, months, years, decades, etc.

English	Nepali
I was born in 1995.	म सन् १९९५ मा जन्मेको हुँ।
We’ll meet in July.	हामी जुलाईमा भेट्नेछौँ।
Trees bloom in spring.	रूखहरू वसन्तमा फुल्छन्।

3. Language, medium, or material

When referring to a language, format, or substance.

English	Nepali
Please write in pen.	कृपया कलमले लेख्नुहोस्।
She spoke in Nepali.	उनले नेपालीमा बोलिन्।
The statue is made in bronze.	मूर्ति काँसको बनाइएको छ।

4. State or condition

Describing someone’s physical or emotional condition.

English	Nepali
He is in a hurry.	ऊ हतारमा छ।
They are in love.	तिनीहरू प्रेममा छन्।
The room is in chaos.	कोठा अस्तव्यस्ततामा छ।

5. Wearing clothes or colors

Describing what someone is wearing.

English	Nepali
The girl in red dress is my sister.	रातो पहिरनमा भएकी केटी मेरी बहिनी हुन्।
He was in a suit.	ऊ सूटमा थियो।

6. Within a group or category

Used to indicate inclusion.

English	Nepali
He is the tallest in the class.	ऊ कक्षामा सबैभन्दा अग्लो छ।
She is in the chess team.	उनी बुद्धिचाल टोलीमा छिन्।

7. Duration (time to complete an action)

English	Nepali
I can finish in 5 minutes.	म ५ मिनेटमा सक्छु।
He ran 100 meters in 10 seconds.	उनले १० सेकेन्डमा १०० मिटर दौडे।

 

20 common uses of the preposition "in" with example sentences in both English and Nepali. Each use is followed by a brief explanation.

1. Inside a physical space / container

English: The food is in the fridge.
Nepali: खाना फ्रिजभित्र छ।

2. With cities, countries, or regions

English: She lives in Japan.
Nepali: उनी जापानमा बस्छिन्।

3. Months of the year

English: My birthday is in May.
Nepali: मेरो जन्मदिन मे महिनामा हो।

4. Years

English: He graduated in 2020.
Nepali: उनले सन् २०२० मा स्नातक गरे।

5. Seasons

English: Leaves fall in autumn.
Nepali: पातहरू शरदमा झर्छन्।

6. Parts of the day (morning, afternoon, evening)

English: I study in the evening.
Nepali: म साँझमा पढ्छु।

Note: "At night" is more common than "in the night."

7. Duration (to complete an action)

English: She ran 5 km in 20 minutes.
Nepali: उनले २० मिनेटमा ५ किमी दौडिन्।

8. Language or medium of communication

English: Please reply in English.
Nepali: कृपया अंग्रेजीमा जवाफ दिनुहोस्।

9. Writing material

English: Write in pencil, not pen.
Nepali: पेन्सिलले लेख्नुहोस्, कलमले होइन।

10. Clothing or color worn

English: The man in the blue shirt is my uncle.
Nepali: निलो कमिजमा भएको मान्छे मेरो काका हुन्।

11. Emotional or physical state

English: He is in pain after the accident.
Nepali: दुर्घटना पछि ऊ पीडामा छ।

12. Trouble or difficulty

English: They are in serious trouble.
Nepali: तिनीहरू ठूलो समस्यामा छन्।

13. Belonging to a group or organization

English: She works in marketing.
Nepali: उनी मार्केटिङ विभागमा काम गर्छिन्।

14. Weather conditions

English: Don't go out in the rain.
Nepali: पानीमा बाहिर ननिस्कनुहोस्।

15. Expressing a ratio or number

English: One in five people likes coffee.
Nepali: पाँच मध्ये एक जनालाई कफी मन पर्छ।

16. Shape or form

English: The cake is in the shape of a heart.
Nepali: केक मुटुको आकारमा छ।

17. Including as a part of something

English: He is in the list of winners.
Nepali: ऊ विजेताको सूचीमा छ।

18. During an activity

English: In preparing the report, he found an error.
Nepali: रिपोर्ट तयार गर्ने क्रममा उनले एउटा गल्ती भेट्टाए।

19. Arrangement or order

English: Please stand in a line.
Nepali: कृपया लाइनमा उभिनुहोस्।

20. Regarding a particular quality

English: They are similar in nature.
Nepali: तिनीहरू प्रकृतिमा समान छन्।

 

PART 1: 10 USES OF "ON"

1. Surface (on top of / attached to a surface)

Explanation: Used when something is physically touching and resting on a surface.

English	Nepali
The book is on the table.	किताब टेबलमाथि छ।
There's a stain on your shirt.	तिम्रो कमिजमा दाग छ।
The picture is hanging on the wall.	तस्वीर पर्खालमा झुण्डिएको छ।

2. Days and Dates

Explanation: Used with specific days of the week or calendar dates.

English	Nepali
I will call you on Monday.	म सोमबार तिमीलाई फोन गर्छु।
She was born on June 5th.	उनी जुन ५ मा जन्मेकी हुन्।
We met on Christmas Day.	हामी क्रिसमसको दिन भेट्यौं।

3. Electronic Devices (TV, phone, radio, computer)

Explanation: Used when talking about using or appearing on a device.

English	Nepali
She is talking on the phone.	उनी फोनमा कुरा गर्दै छिन्।
I saw the news on TV.	मैले समाचार टिभीमा देखें।
He is working on his laptop.	ऊ आफ्नो ल्यापटपमा काम गर्दै छ।

4. Public Transport (buses, trains, planes, ships)

Explanation: Used for large vehicles where you can stand or walk inside.

English	Nepali
He is on the bus.	ऊ बसमा छ।
She met her friend on the train.	उनले आफ्नी साथीलाई रेलमा भेटिन्।
We ate lunch on the plane.	हामीले प्लेनमा खाजा खायौं।

Note: Use "in" for small vehicles like cars or taxis (in a car).

5. Attached or Hanging

Explanation: Used when something is physically connected to or hanging from something else.

English	Nepali
The clock is on the wall.	घडी पर्खालमा छ।
There's a scratch on the door.	ढोकामा कोर्रा परेको छ।
The ring is on her finger.	औंठी उनको औंलामा छ।

6. Topic or Subject (about something)

Explanation: Used to indicate what a book, speech, discussion, etc., is about.

English	Nepali
She gave a lecture on climate change.	उनले जलवायु परिवर्तन सम्बन्धी व्याख्यान दिइन्।
I need a book on Nepali history.	मलाई नेपाली इतिहास सम्बन्धी एउटा पुस्तक चाहियो।
Let's talk on that topic later.	त्यो विषय माथि पछि कुरा गरौंला।

7. Part of the Body (specific spot)

Explanation: Used when referring to a specific location on the body.

English	Nepali
She kissed him on the cheek.	उनले उसको गालामा चुम्बन गरिन्।
He got hit on the head.	उसको टाउकोमा चोट लाग्यो।
I have a pain on my left shoulder.	मेरो बायाँ काँधमा दुखाइ छ।

8. Using a Medium (TV, radio, internet)

Explanation: Used when referring to how you saw or heard something.

English	Nepali
I saw it on YouTube.	मैले त्यो युट्यूबमा देखें।
The song was played on the radio.	त्यो गीत रेडियोमा बजाइएको थियो।
You can find anything on the internet.	तपाईं इन्टरनेटमा जे पनि पाउन सक्नुहुन्छ।

9. State or Condition

Explanation: Used to describe a particular condition or situation.

English	Nepali
The building is on fire.	भवन आगोमा छ।
He is on a diet.	ऊ डाइटमा छ।
She went on a trip.	उनी यात्रामा गइन्।
The project is on hold.	प्रोजेक्ट रोकिएको छ।

10. Direction or Effect Toward Someone

Explanation: Used when an action is directed at a person.

English	Nepali
She smiled on me.	उनले म माथि मुस्कुराइन्।
The teacher had mercy on the students.	शिक्षकले विद्यार्थीहरू माथि दया गर्नुभयो।
The responsibility falls on him.	जिम्मेवारी उसको माथि आउँछ।

PART 2: 10 USES OF "AT"

1. Specific Point or Location

Explanation: Used for an exact point, place, or position (not a large area).

English	Nepali
Meet me at the bus stop.	मलाई बस स्टपमा भेट।
She is waiting at the door.	उनी ढोकामा पर्खिरहेकी छिन्।
Turn left at the traffic light.	ट्राफिक लाइटमा बायाँ मोड्नुहोस्।

2. Exact Time (clock time)

Explanation: Used with specific times on the clock.

English	Nepali
The class starts at 9 AM.	कक्षा बिहान ९ बजे सुरु हुन्छ।
She arrived at 5:30 PM.	उनी बेलुकी साढे ५ बजे आइपुगिन्।
We will meet at noon.	हामी दिउँसो १२ बजे भेट्नेछौं।

3. Events or Gatherings

Explanation: Used when talking about being present at an event.

English	Nepali
I saw her at the party.	मैले उनलाई पार्टीमा देखें।
They met at a wedding.	तिनीहरू विवाहमा भेटे।
He spoke at the conference.	उनले सम्मेलनमा बोले।

4. Address (exact location without street name)

Explanation: Used for specific addresses or house numbers.

English	Nepali
He lives at 5, Thamel.	ऊ थामेल नं. ५ मा बस्छ।
The meeting is at 10 Main Street.	बैठक मेन स्ट्रीट १० मा छ।
She works at the city hospital.	उनी सहरको अस्पतालमा काम गर्छिन्।

5. Temperatures, Speeds, Ages, Levels

Explanation: Used with measurements on a scale.

English	Nepali
Water boils at 100°C.	पानी १०० डिग्रीमा उम्लिन्छ।
The car was going at 80 km/h.	कार ८० किमी प्रतिघण्टामा जाँदै थियो।
She learned to read at age 5.	उनले ५ वर्षको उमेरमा पढ्न सिकिन्।
The price starts at $10.	मूल्य १० डलरमा सुरु हुन्छ।

6. Direction or Aim (toward something)

Explanation: Used when pointing or aiming at something or someone.

English	Nepali
He shouted at me.	उसले म तिर करायो।
She threw the ball at the target.	उनले बल लक्ष्य तिर फालिन्।
Look at the board.	बोर्डमा हेर्नुहोस्।

Note: "Shout at" is aggressive; "shout to" is just loud.

7. Ability or Skill (good/bad at)

Explanation: Used to describe someone's skill level in an activity.

English	Nepali
She is good at drawing.	उनी चित्र कोर्नमा राम्रो छिन्।
He is bad at math.	ऊ गणितमा कमजोर छ।
They are excellent at football.	तिनीहरू फुटबलमा उत्कृष्ट छन्।

8. Specific Time of Day (night, noon, midnight, dawn, sunset)

Explanation: Used for precise points in the day (not morning/afternoon/evening).

English	Nepali
I sleep at night.	म रातमा सुत्छु।
The moon shines at midnight.	मध्यरातमा चन्द्रमा चम्किन्छ।
We woke up at dawn.	हामी बिहानको उज्यालोमा उठ्यौं।
The shop closes at sunset.	पसल सूर्यास्तमा बन्द हुन्छ।

9. Point Along a Scale or Boundary

Explanation: Used for a specific point in a process, journey, or line.

English	Nepali
At the end of the road, turn right.	सडकको अन्त्यमा दायाँ मोड्नुहोस्।
At first, I didn't like it.	सुरुमा मलाई मन परेन।
At that moment, everything changed.	त्यो क्षणमा सबै बदलियो।

10. Repeated Action (knock, tap, glance, stare)

Explanation: Used with actions that are directed at a specific point.

English	Nepali
Knock at the door.	ढोकामा ढकढक गर्नुहोस्।
Someone is tapping at the window.	कोही झ्यालमा टकटक गर्दै छ।
She glanced at her watch.	उनले आफ्नो घडीमा एक नजर हालिन्।