Day 4 Complete Guide to "Shall" and "Should" in English
Here is a comprehensive
guide on the use of "Shall" and "Should"
in various situations, with rules, tips, and examples in both English and
Nepali.
1. SHALL - प्रयोग र नियमहरू
A. Future with "I" and
"We" (भविष्य / गर्नेछु, गर्नेछौं)
Used to talk about
the future, especially with "I" and "We." (More common in
British English)
|
Simple Future |
Shall +
Verb (Base Form) |
I shall arrive at 5 PM. |
म ५
बजे आइपुग्नेछु। |
|
We Future |
Shall +
Verb (Base Form) |
We shall meet again. |
हामी फेरि भेट्नेछौं। |
More Examples:
- English: I shall
always remember this day.
- Nepali: म यो दिन सधैं सम्झिरहनेछु।
- English: We shall
never give up.
- Nepali: हामी कहिल्यै हार मान्नेछैनौं।
B. Offers & Suggestions (प्रस्ताव र सुझाव / गरौं?)
Used to make offers
or suggestions, especially in questions with "I" and "We."
|
Suggestion |
Shall +
I/We + Verb? |
Shall we go to the cinema? |
के हामी
सिनेमा जाऔं? |
|
Offer |
Shall + I
+ Verb? |
Shall I carry your bag? |
के म
तपाईंको
झोला बोकिदिऊं? |
|
Asking Opinion |
Shall + I
+ Verb? |
What shall I wear? |
म के लगाऊं? |
More Examples:
- English: Shall I open the window?
- Nepali: के म झ्याल खोलिदिऊं?
- English: Where shall we eat tonight?
- Nepali: आज राति हामी कहाँ खाऔं?
- English: Shall we start the meeting now?
- Nepali: के हामी अहिले बैठक सुरु गरौं?
C. Promises & Strong Intentions (प्रतिज्ञा / अवश्य गर्नेछु)
Used to make promises
or express strong determination.
|
Promise |
Shall +
Verb (Base Form) |
I shall return your book
tomorrow. |
म भोलि
तपाईंको
किताब फिर्ता गर्नेछु। |
|
Determination |
Shall +
Verb (Base Form) |
We shall succeed! |
हामी अवश्य सफल हुनेछौं! |
More Examples:
- English: I shall never forget your kindness.
- Nepali: म तपाईंको दयालुता कहिल्यै बिर्सनेछैन।
- English: We shall overcome this challenge.
- Nepali: हामी यो चुनौती पार गर्नेछौं।
D. Rules & Regulations (नियम / गर्नु पर्नेछ)
Used in formal
documents, laws, or rules.
|
Formal Rule |
Shall +
Verb (Base Form) |
All
employees shall wear uniforms. |
सबै कर्मचारीले
युनिफर्म लगाउनु पर्नेछ। |
|
Legal Document |
Shall +
Verb (Base Form) |
The tenant
shall pay rent on time. |
भाडावालले समयमै
भाडा तिर्नु पर्नेछ। |
More Examples:
- English: All students shall submit their assignments.
- Nepali: सबै विद्यार्थीहरूले आफ्नो कार्य बुझाउनु पर्नेछ।
- English: The company shall compensate the damages.
- Nepali: कम्पनीले क्षतिपूर्ति तिर्नु पर्नेछ।
2. SHOULD - प्रयोग र नियमहरू
A. Advice (सल्लाह / गर्नु पर्छ)
Used to give advice
or recommendations.
|
Recommendation |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
You should eat more vegetables. |
तपाईंले धेरै
तरकारी खानु पर्छ। |
|
Advice |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
She should see a doctor. |
उनी डाक्टर जानु पर्छ। |
|
Strong Advice |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
You should apologize to him. |
तपाईंले उनीसँग माफी माग्नु पर्छ। |
More Examples:
- English: You should exercise regularly.
- Nepali: तपाईंले नियमित व्यायाम गर्नुपर्छ।
- English: Students should study at least two hours daily.
- Nepali: विद्यार्थीहरूले दैनिक कम्तीमा दुई घण्टा पढ्नु पर्छ।
B. Obligation (अनिवार्यता / गर्नु पर्छ)
Used to talk about
mild obligation or duty.
|
Mild Obligation |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
We should respect our elders. |
हामीले वृद्धहरूको आदर गर्नुपर्छ। |
|
Responsibility |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
Parents should care for their
children. |
आमाबाबुले आफ्ना
बच्चाहरूको हेरचाह गर्नुपर्छ। |
More Examples:
- English: People should follow traffic rules.
- Nepali: मानिसहरूले
ट्राफिक नियम पालना गर्नुपर्छ।
- English: Citizens should vote in elections.
- Nepali: नागरिकहरूले
निर्वाचनमा मतदान गर्नुपर्छ।
C. Expectation (अपेक्षा / हुनु पर्छ)
Used to say what is
likely or expected.
|
Expectation |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
The train should arrive soon. |
रेल चाँडै आइपुग्नु पर्छ। |
|
Probability |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
She should be at work now. |
उनी अहिले
काममा हुनु पर्छ। |
More Examples:
- English: They should be home by 6 PM.
- Nepali: उनीहरू ६ बजे सम्म घर पुग्नु पर्छ।
- English: The package should arrive tomorrow.
- Nepali: प्याकेज भोलि आइपुग्नु पर्छ।
D. Suggestions (सुझाव / गर्नु पर्छ)
Used to make
suggestions or offer opinions.
|
Suggestion |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
You should try this restaurant. |
तपाईंले यो
रेस्टुरेन्ट आजमाउनु पर्छ। |
|
Opinion |
Should +
Verb (Base Form) |
I think we
should leave now. |
मलाई लाग्छ
हामीले
अहिले जानु पर्छ। |
More Examples:
- English: We should buy a new car.
- Nepali: हामीले नयाँ गाडी किन्नु पर्छ।
- English: She should apply for that job.
- Nepali: उनले त्यो जागिरको लागि आवेदन दिनु पर्छ।
E. Regret / Mistake (अफसोस / गर्नु पर्थ्यो)
Used to talk about
past mistakes or regrets.
|
Past Mistake |
Should
have + Past Participle |
I should have studied harder. |
मैले कडा अध्ययन गर्नु पर्थ्यो। |
|
Regret |
Should
have + Past Participle |
She should have called me. |
उनले मलाई फोन गर्नु पर्थ्यो। |
More Examples:
- English: We should have left earlier.
- Nepali: हामीले चाँडै हिड्नु पर्थ्यो।
- English: He should have told the truth.
- Nepali: उनले सत्य भन्नु पर्थ्यो।
F. Criticism (आलोचना / गर्नु पर्थ्यो)
Used to criticize
someone's past actions.
|
Criticism |
Should
have + Past Participle |
You should have told me earlier. |
तपाईंले मलाई
पहिले
नै भन्नु पर्थ्यो। |
|
Mild Criticism |
Should
have + Past Participle |
They should have waited for us. |
उनीहरूले हामीलाई पर्खनु पर्थ्यो। |
More Examples:
- English: He should have asked for permission.
- Nepali: उनले अनुमति माग्नु पर्थ्यो।
- English: We should have been more careful.
- Nepali: हामीले अझ सतर्क हुनु पर्थ्यो।
G. Negative Form: Should Not / Shouldn't (गर्नु हुँदैन)
Used to give negative
advice or say something is a bad idea.
|
Negative Advice |
Should not
/ Shouldn't + Verb |
You shouldn't eat too much sugar. |
तपाईंले धेरै
चिनी खानु हुँदैन। |
|
Warning |
Should not
/ Shouldn't + Verb |
People shouldn't smoke in public. |
मानिसहरूले सार्वजनिक
स्थानमा धुम्रपान गर्न
हुँदैन। |
More Examples:
- English: You shouldn't waste your time.
- Nepali: तपाईंले आफ्नो समय बर्बाद गर्न हुँदैन।
- English: Children shouldn't watch too much TV.
- Nepali: बच्चाहरूले
धेरै टिभी हेर्नु हुँदैन।
3. QUICK COMPARISON: SHALL vs SHOULD vs WILL
|
Future (I/We) |
✅ I shall go. |
❌ No |
✅ I will go. |
म जानेछु। |
|
Suggestion |
✅ Shall we go? |
✅ We should go. |
❌ No |
के हामी जाऔं? |
|
Advice |
❌ No |
✅ You should go. |
❌ No |
तपाईं जानु पर्छ। |
|
Promise |
✅ I shall help. |
❌ No |
✅ I will help. |
म सहायता गर्नेछु। |
|
Obligation |
✅ (Formal) |
✅ (Mild) |
❌ No |
गर्नु पर्छ |
|
Past Regret |
❌ No |
✅ Should have gone |
❌ No |
जानु पर्थ्यो |
|
Prediction |
❌ No |
✅ It should rain |
✅ It will rain |
पानी पर्नेछ |
4. COMMON MISTAKES (नेपाली विद्यार्थीहरूले गर्ने गल्तीहरू)
|
Mistake ❌Correction ✅Explanation |
||
|
I shall to go. |
I shall go. |
"Shall"
+ Base Form |
|
You shall study more. |
You should study more. |
Use
"should" for advice |
|
She should to come. |
She should come. |
"Should"
+ Base Form |
|
He should went. |
He should go. |
"Should"
+ Base Form |
|
I should like tea. |
I would like tea. |
"Should"
≠ "Would like" |
|
We should have went. |
We should have gone. |
Should
have + Past Participle |
Golden Rule:
Shall/Should + Verb (Base Form) → No
"to", no past form.
✅ I shall go.
✅ You should study.
✅ She should have arrived.
5. SHALL vs SHOULD: DETAILED COMPARISON
A. Future Actions (भविष्य)
|
Shall (I/We)Should
(I/We)Nepali |
||
|
I shall see you tomorrow. |
|
म भोलि
तपाईंलाई भेट्नेछु। |
|
We shall start the project. |
|
हामी परियोजना सुरु गर्नेछौं। |
B. Suggestions (सुझाव)
|
Shall (Question)Should
(Statement)Nepali |
||
|
Shall we go? (Suggestion) |
We should go. (Advice) |
के हामी जाऔं? |
|
Shall I open it? (Offer) |
I should open it. (Duty) |
के म खोलिदिऊं? |
C. Obligation (अनिवार्यता)
|
All
citizens shall pay tax. |
People should pay tax. |
सबै नागरिकले
कर तिर्नु पर्छ। |
|
Students shall attend class. |
Students should attend class. |
विद्यार्थीहरूले कक्षा लिनु पर्छ। |
6. ADVANCED STRUCTURES WITH SHALL & SHOULD
A. Shall We...? (सुझाव)
|
Shall we +
V |
Shall we go for a walk? |
के हामी घुम्न जाऔं? |
|
Shall I +
V |
Shall I help you? |
के म
तपाईंलाई सहायता गरुँ? |
B. Should + Be + Verb+ing (Continuous)
|
Should be
+ V+ing |
You should be studying now. |
तपाईं अहिले पढिरहेको हुनु
पर्छ। |
|
Should be
+ V+ing |
She should be sleeping. |
उनी सुतिरहेकी हुनु
पर्छ। |
C. Should + Have + V3 (Past Regret)
|
Should
have + V3 |
I should have listened to you. |
मैले तपाईंको सुन्नु पर्थ्यो। |
|
Should
have + V3 |
We should have waited. |
हामीले पर्खनु पर्थ्यो। |
D. Shouldn't Have + V3 (Wrong Past Action)
|
Shouldn't
have + V3 |
I shouldn't have said that. |
मैले त्यो भन्नु हुँदैनथ्यो। |
|
Shouldn't
have + V3 |
She shouldn't have left early. |
उनले चाँडै जानु
हुँदैनथ्यो। |
E. Should in Question Tags (प्रश्नको अन्त्य)
|
Should +
Tag |
We should
go, shouldn't we? |
हामी जानु
पर्छ, होइन र? |
|
Should +
Tag |
She
shouldn't worry, should she? |
उनले चिन्ता
गर्नु
हुँदैन, होइन र? |
7. TIPS FOR IELTS USING SHALL & SHOULD
|
Tip Example |
|
|
Speaking: Use "shall" for polite
suggestions |
Shall we move on to the next point? |
|
Writing Task 2: Use "should" for
recommendations |
Governments
should invest in education. |
|
Writing Task 2: Use "shouldn't" for
negative advice |
People shouldn't ignore climate
change. |
|
Speaking Part 3: Use "should have" for
regrets |
Governments
should have acted earlier. |
|
Writing Task 1: Avoid "shall"
(formal/legal) |
Use
"will" for future predictions instead. |
|
Speaking Part 2: Use "should" for
opinions |
I should mention that... |
8. EXAMPLES IN DIFFERENT CONTEXTS
English:
Governments
should prioritize renewable energy sources. Citizens should
be educated about environmental issues. Additionally, industries should
reduce their carbon emissions. If we should fail to act now,
future generations will suffer.
Nepali:
सरकारहरूले नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा स्रोतहरूलाई प्राथमिकता दिनु पर्छ। नागरिकहरूलाई वातावरणीय मुद्दाहरूको बारेमा शिक्षित गर्नुपर्छ। साथै, उद्योगहरूले आफ्नो कार्बन उत्सर्जन घटाउनु पर्छ। यदि हामीले अहिले कार्य गर्न सकेनौं भने, भावी पुस्ताहरू पीडित हुनेछन्।
B. IELTS Speaking Part 2 (Cue Card)
English:
If
I could choose any place to visit, I should definitely go to
Japan. Shall I explain why? The culture is fascinating.
Tourists should visit during spring to see cherry blossoms. I should
have gone there last year, but I was too busy. Should
I go next year? Yes, I definitely shall!
Nepali:
यदि
म कुनै ठाउँ यात्रा गर्न सक्छु भने, म निश्चित रूपमा जापान जानु पर्छ। के म कारण बताऊं? संस्कृति अत्यन्तै रोचक छ। पर्यटकहरूले वसन्त ऋतुमा चेरी फूल हेर्न जानु पर्छ। म गएको वर्ष गएको हुनु पर्थ्यो, तर म धेरै व्यस्त थिएँ। के म अर्को वर्ष जाऊं? हो, म अवश्य जानेछु!
C. Everyday Conversations (दैनिक कुराकानी)
English:
A: Shall we order pizza tonight?
B: That sounds great! What should we order?
A: We should try the new Italian place.
B: I should have saved some money for this.
A: Don't worry, I shall pay today.
B: You shouldn't do that! I'll pay next time.
Nepali:
A: के हामी आज राति पिज्जा अर्डर गरौं?
B: त्यो राम्रो सुनिन्छ! हामीले के अर्डर गर्नुपर्छ?
A: हामीले नयाँ इटालियन रेस्टुरेन्ट आजमाउनु पर्छ।
B: मैले यसको लागि केही पैसा बचाएको हुनु पर्थ्यो।
A: चिन्ता नलिनुहोस्, म आज तिर्नेछु।
B: तपाईंले त्यो गर्नु हुँदैन! म अर्को पटक तिर्छु।
9. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with Shall,
Should, or Should Have
|
__________
we go for a walk? |
के हामी घुम्न जाऔं? |
|
|
You
__________ eat more fruits. |
तपाईंले धेरै
फलफूल खानु पर्छ। |
|
|
I
__________ have called you earlier. |
मैले तपाईंलाई
पहिले
नै फोन गर्नु पर्थ्यो। |
|
|
__________
I open the window? |
के म
झ्याल खोलिदिऊं? |
|
|
Children
__________ watch so much TV. |
बच्चाहरूले धेरै
टिभी हेर्नु हुँदैन। |
|
|
The train
__________ arrive at 5 PM. |
रेल ५
बजे आइपुग्नु पर्छ। |
|
|
We
__________ have left earlier. |
हामीले चाँडै हिड्नु
पर्थ्यो। |
|
|
__________
we start the meeting? |
के हामी
बैठक सुरु गरौं? |
|
|
You
__________ have told me the truth. |
तपाईंले मलाई
सत्य भन्नु पर्थ्यो। |
|
|
He
__________ apologize to her. |
उनले उनीसँग माफी माग्नु
पर्छ। |
Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer
|
"__________
we go to the park?" |
a) Shall
b) Should |
के हामी
पार्क जाऔं? |
|
"You
__________ study for the exam." |
a) shall
b) should |
तपाईंले परीक्षाको
लागि पढ्नु पर्छ। |
|
"I
__________ have called you." |
a) should
b) shall |
मैले तपाईंलाई फोन गर्नु पर्थ्यो। |
|
"__________
I help you with that?" |
a) Should
b) Shall |
के म
त्यसमा सहायता गरुँ? |
|
"People
__________ drive carefully." |
a) shall
b) should |
मानिसहरूले सावधानीपूर्वक चलाउनु पर्छ। |
|
"We
__________ have waited for her." |
a) should
b) shall |
हामीले उनलाई पर्खनु पर्थ्यो। |
|
"__________
we invite them?" |
a) Should
b) Shall |
के हामी
उनीहरूलाई निम्तो दिऔं? |
|
"You
__________ have told me earlier!" |
a) should
b) shall |
तपाईंले मलाई
पहिले
नै भन्नु पर्थ्यो! |
Answers (Check Yourself):
Exercise 1:
1.
Shall
2.
should
3.
should
4.
Shall
5.
shouldn't
6.
should
7.
should
8.
Shall
9.
should
10. should
Exercise 2:
1.
a) Shall
2.
b) should
3.
a) should
4.
b) Shall
5.
b) should
6.
a) should
7.
b) Shall
8.
a) should
10. SUMMARY TABLE: SHALL vs SHOULD
|
Future (I/We) |
✅ Yes |
❌ No |
गर्नेछु/गर्नेछौं |
|
Suggestions (Questions) |
✅ Shall we? |
❌ No |
गरौं? |
|
Offer (Questions) |
✅ Shall I? |
❌ No |
गरुँ? |
|
Advice |
❌ No |
✅ You should |
गर्नु पर्छ |
|
Mild Obligation |
❌ No |
✅ We should |
गर्नु पर्छ |
|
Past Regret |
❌ No |
✅ Should have |
गर्नु पर्थ्यो |
|
Expectation |
❌ No |
✅ It should |
हुनु पर्छ |
|
Formal Rules |
✅ Employees shall |
❌ No |
गर्नु पर्नेछ |
|
Negative Advice |
❌ No |
✅ Shouldn't |
गर्नु हुँदैन |
|
Criticism |
❌ No |
✅ Should have |
गर्नु पर्थ्यो |
11. QUICK TIPS FOR IELTS
|
Tip Example |
|
|
Writing Task 2: Use "should" for
recommendations |
Governments
should invest more in healthcare. |
|
Writing Task 2: Use "shouldn't" for
criticism |
Companies shouldn't ignore
environmental laws. |
|
Writing Task 2: Use "should have" for
past mistakes |
Governments
should have acted sooner. |
|
Speaking Part 2: Use "shall" for
offers/suggestions |
Shall I tell you about my experience? |
|
Speaking Part 3: Use "should" for
opinions |
I think
people should recycle more. |
|
Speaking Part 1: Use "should" for daily
habits |
I should exercise more often. |
12. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SHOULD & MUST
|
Should (सल्लाह)Must (अनिवार्य)Nepali |
||
|
You should see a doctor. (Advice) |
You must see a doctor.
(Emergency) |
तपाईं डाक्टर जानु पर्छ। |
|
We should be quiet. (Polite) |
We must be quiet. (Strong rule) |
हामी चुप हुनु
पर्छ। |
|
I should go now. (Suggestion) |
I must go now. (Strong need) |
म अहिले जानु पर्छ। |
13. RAPID FIRE QUIZ
Change these
sentences using Should/Shouldn't/Shall:
|
It is a
good idea to eat healthy. |
स्वस्थ खाना
खानु राम्रो हो। |
You
__________________ |
|
It is not
a good idea to smoke. |
धुम्रपान गर्नु राम्रो होइन। |
You
__________________ |
|
Let's go
to the mall! |
हामी मल जाऔं! |
__________
we __________________? |
|
I regret
not saving money. |
मैले पैसा बचाएको भए
राम्रो
हुन्थ्यो। |
I
__________________ |
|
It is
likely to rain today. |
आज पानी
पर्ने सम्भावना छ। |
It
__________________ |
Answers:
1.
should eat healthy.
2.
shouldn't smoke.
3.
Shall we go to the
mall?
4.
I should have saved money.
5.
It should rain today.
