Affirmative and Negative
1 Simple Present Tense
- Structure: Subject +
do/does + not + base verb + object.
- Affirmative: She plays
the piano.
- Negative: She does
not play the piano.
2 Simple Past Tense
- Structure: Subject +
did + not + base verb + object.
- Affirmative: He watched
the movie.
- Negative: He did
not watch the movie.
3 Present Continuous Tense
- Structure: Subject +
is/am/are + not + verb(-ing) + object.
- Affirmative: They are
dancing.
- Negative: They are
not dancing.
4 Past Continuous Tense
- Structure: Subject +
was/were + not + verb(-ing) + object.
- Affirmative: She was
reading a book.
- Negative: She was
not reading a book.
5 Present Perfect Tense
- Structure: Subject +
has/have + not + past participle + object.
- Affirmative: I have
finished my work.
- Negative: I have
not finished my work.
6 Past Perfect Tense
- Structure: Subject +
had + not + past participle + object.
- Affirmative: They had
left early.
- Negative: They had
not left early.
7 Future Simple Tense
- Structure: Subject +
will + not + base verb + object.
- Affirmative: She will
join the meeting.
- Negative: She will
not join the meeting.
8 Modal Verbs (can, must,
should, etc.)
- Structure: Subject +
modal verb + not + base verb + object.
- Affirmative: He can
swim.
- Negative: He cannot
swim.
9 Imperative sentences (commands)
- Structure: Do + not +
base verb + object.
- Affirmative: Open the
door.
- Negative: Do not
open the door.
There is/There are Statements
- Structure: There +
is/are + not + object.
- Affirmative: There is a
book on the table.
- Negative: There is
not a book on the table.
Affirmative Sentences
An affirmative
sentence states or confirms something as true.
Structure:
Subject
+ Verb + Object/Complement
Examples:
- She is
happy.
- They play
football every evening.
- He can
swim well.
Points to Remember:
- Use the base
form of the verb (for simple tenses) or auxiliary verbs like is, are,
was, have, will, can, etc.
- No negative
words like not, never, or no are used.
Negative Sentences
A negative
sentence denies something or expresses the absence of something.
Structure:
Subject
+ Auxiliary Verb + not + Main Verb + Object/Complement
(If
there’s no auxiliary verb, use do/does/did to form the negative.)
Examples:
- She is
not happy.
- They do
not play football every evening.
- He cannot
swim well.
Affirmative ➔ Negative Conversion Rules:
1.
Simple
Present/ Past Tense:
o
Use
do/does (present) or did (past) + not before the main
verb.
o
Affirmative: She likes ice cream.
o
Negative: She does not like ice cream.
2.
Present/Past
Continuous:
o
Add
not after the helping verb (is/are/was/were).
o
Affirmative: They are studying.
o
Negative: They are not studying.
3.
Present/Past
Perfect:
o
Add
not after has/have/had.
o
Affirmative: He has finished his homework.
o
Negative: He has not finished his
homework.
4.
Modal
Verbs (can, will, must, etc.):
o
Add
not after the modal verb.
o
Affirmative: She can dance.
o
Negative: She cannot dance.
Quick Tips:
- Contractions are common
in negatives:
- do not → don’t
- does not → doesn’t
- is not → isn’t
- cannot → can’t
- Double
negatives
are grammatically incorrect in standard English:
- ❌ I don’t
know nothing.
- ✅ I don’t
know anything.
1.
She
likes ice cream. → She does not like ice cream.
2.
They
play football every weekend. → They do not play football every
weekend.
3.
He
works in an office. → He does not work in an office.
4.
I
know the answer. → I do not know the answer.
5.
We
go to school by bus. → We do not go to school by bus.
Simple Past Tense:
6.
She
visited her grandparents. → She did not visit her grandparents.
7.
They
watched a movie. → They did not watch a movie.
8.
He
played cricket yesterday. → He did not play cricket yesterday.
9.
I
met him at the market. → I did not meet him at the market.
10. We bought a new car. → We did
not buy a new car.
Present Continuous Tense:
11. She is reading a book. → She is
not reading a book.
12. They are playing chess. → They are
not playing chess.
13. He is cooking dinner. → He is
not cooking dinner.
14. I am writing a letter. → I am
not writing a letter.
15. We are going to the park. → We are
not going to the park.
Present Perfect Tense:
16. She has finished her homework.
→ She has not finished her homework.
17. They have visited Paris. → They
have not visited Paris.
18. He has seen the movie. → He has
not seen the movie.
19. I have completed the project. →
I have not completed the project.
20. We have met him before. → We have
not met him before.
Modal Verbs:
21. She can speak French. → She cannot
speak French.
22. They will attend the meeting. →
They will not attend the meeting.
23. He should finish his work. → He
should not finish his work.
24. I may go to the party. → I may
not go to the party.
25. We must submit the report. → We
must not submit the report.
