Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense | पूर्ण भूतकाल

What Is the Past Perfect Tense? | पूर्ण भूतकाल के हो?

The past perfect tense is used to talk about an action that happened before another action or time in the past. It helps show the order of events—which action happened first.

पूर्ण भूतकाल (Past Perfect Tense) ले भूतकालमा भएको अर्को कार्य वा समयभन्दा अघि भएको कार्यको बारेमा बताउन प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसले घटनाहरूको क्रम देखाउन मद्दत गर्छ—कुन कार्य पहिले भयो।

Example | उदाहरण:

• When I arrived at the station, the train had left.
• जब म स्टेशन पुगें, रेल गइसकेको थियो।
  (The train left first, then I arrived. | रेल पहिले गयो, त्यसपछि म पुगें।)

---

Uses of the Past Perfect Tense | पूर्ण भूतकालका प्रयोगहरू

1. An action completed before another past action | भूतकालको अर्को कार्यभन्दा अघि सम्पन्न भएको कार्य

• She had finished her homework before dinner was served.
• रातको खाना परोस्नु अघि उनले आफ्नो गृहकार्य सकिसकेकी थिइन्।

2. An action completed before a specific time in the past | भूतकालको निश्चित समयभन्दा अघि सम्पन्न भएको कार्य

• By 2010, he had written three novels.
• सन् २०१० सम्ममा उनले तीनवटा उपन्यास लेखिसकेका थिए।

3. Showing cause and effect in the past | भूतकालमा कारण र प्रभाव देखाउन

• I was tired because I hadn't slept well.
• म थकित थिएँ किनभने मैले राम्ररी सुतेको थिइनँ।

4. With "before," "after," "when," "by the time," "already," "just," "never," "ever" | "before," "after," "when," "by the time," "already," "just," "never," "ever" सँग

• After she had eaten, she went to work.
• उनले खाना खाइसकेपछि काममा गइन्।
• He had never seen the ocean before that trip.
• त्यो यात्राभन्दा अघि उनले कहिल्यै समुद्र देखेका थिएनन्।

5. In reported speech | अप्रत्यक्ष कथनमा

• Direct: "I have lost my keys."
• प्रत्यक्ष: "मैले मेरा चाबीहरू हराएको छु।"
• Reported: He said he had lost his keys.
• अप्रत्यक्ष: उनले आफ्ना चाबीहरू हराएको बताए।

6. Third conditional sentences | तेस्रो सर्तीय वाक्यमा

• If I had known, I would have helped you.
• यदि मलाई थाहा भएको भए, म तिमीलाई मद्दत गर्थें।

---

Structure of the Past Perfect Tense | पूर्ण भूतकालको संरचना

Positive (Affirmative) | होकारात्मक

Subject + had + past participle
कर्ता + had + भूत कृदन्त

SubjectAuxiliaryPast ParticipleExample
I/You/He/She/It/We/They	had	verb + -ed / irregular	She had gone.
म/तिमी/उनी/उनी/यो/हामी/उनीहरू	had	क्रियाको तेस्रो रूप	उनी गइसकेकी थिइन्।

Negative | नकारात्मक

Subject + had + not (hadn't) + past participle
कर्ता + had + not (hadn't) + भूत कृदन्त

• They had not (hadn't) finished the project.
• उनीहरूले परियोजना सकिसकेका थिएनन्।

Question | प्रश्नवाचक

Had + subject + past participle?
Had + कर्ता + भूत कृदन्त?

• Had you seen him before?
• तिमीले उसलाई पहिले देखेका थियौ?

Question Word | प्रश्नवाचक शब्द

Wh-word + had + subject + past participle?
Wh-शब्द + had + कर्ता + भूत कृदन्त?

• Where had she gone?
• उनी कहाँ गइसकेकी थिइन्?

Short Answers | छोटो उत्तर

• Yes, I had. / No, I hadn't.
• हो, मैले गरेको थिएँ। / होइन, मैले गरेको थिइनँ।

---

Common Time Expressions | सामान्य समय अभिव्यक्तिहरू

• before, after, when, by the time, already, just, never, ever, yet, until then, by 1999, previously
• अघि, पछि, जब, त्यतिबेला सम्ममा, पहिले नै, भर्खरै, कहिल्यै, कहिल्यै पनि, अझै, त्यतिबेला सम्म, सन् १९९९ सम्म, पहिले

---

Sample Sentences | नमूना वाक्यहरू

1.      She had finished her work before the meeting started.
बैठक सुरु हुनु अघि उनले आफ्नो काम सकिसकेकी थिइन्।

2.      They had already left when we arrived.
हामी पुग्दा उनीहरू पहिले नै गइसकेका थिए।

3.      I had never seen such a beautiful sunset.
मैले यस्तो सुन्दर सूर्यास्त कहिल्यै देखेको थिइनँ।

4.      He hadn't eaten anything before the flight.
उडान अघि उनले केही खाएका थिएनन्।

5.      Had you met her before the party?
पार्टी अघि तिमीले उनलाई भेटेका थियौ?

6.      By the time we got there, the movie had ended.
हामी त्यहाँ पुग्दासम्म चलचित्र सकिएको थियो।

7.      She was sad because she had lost her ring.
उनी दुःखी थिइन् किनभने उनले आफ्नो औंठी हराएकी थिइन्।

8.      The children had gone to bed before 9 p.m.
बच्चाहरू राति ९ बजे अघि सुतिसकेका थिए।

9.      If I had studied, I would have passed.
यदि मैले अध्ययन गरेको भए, म उत्तीर्ण हुने थिएँ।

10. He said he had visited Paris twice.
उनले पेरिस दुई पटक भ्रमण गरेको बताए।

---

50 Additional Examples | थप ५० उदाहरणहरू

1.      I had washed the dishes before my mother came home.
मेरी आमा घर आउनु अघि मैले भाँडाहरू धोइसकेको थिएँ।

2.      She had never traveled abroad until last year.
गत वर्षसम्म उनी विदेश गएकी थिइनन्।

3.      They had lived in London for five years before moving.
सर्नु अघि उनीहरू लन्डनमा पाँच वर्ष बसेका थिए।

4.      By the time he called, I had already gone to bed.
उनले फोन गर्दासम्म म पहिले नै सुतिसकेको थिएँ।

5.      The train had left before we reached the station.
हामी स्टेशन पुग्नु अघि रेल गइसकेको थियो।

6.      He had forgotten his wallet at home.
उनले आफ्नो वालेट घरमै बिर्सेका थिए।

7.      We hadn't seen each other since childhood.
बाल्यकालदेखि हामीले एकअर्कालाई देखेका थिएनौं।

8.      Had she finished her homework before dinner?
रातको खाना अघि उनले आफ्नो गृहकार्य सकिसकेकी थिइन्?

9.      The dog had eaten all the food before we noticed.
हामीले थाहा पाउनु अघि कुकुरले सबै खाना खाइसकेको थियो।

10. I had read the book before watching the film.
चलचित्र हेर्नु अघि मैले पुस्तक पढिसकेको थिएँ।

11. She had worked at the company for a decade before retiring.
अवकाश लिनु अघि उनले कम्पनीमा एक दशक काम गरेकी थिइन्।

12. They had built the house before their son was born.
उनीहरूको छोरा जन्मनु अघि उनीहरूले घर बनाइसकेका थिए।

13. He had never ridden a horse before that day.
त्यो दिन अघि उनले कहिल्यै घोडा चढेका थिएनन्।

14. By 8 a.m., she had completed the report.
बिहान ८ बजेसम्म उनले प्रतिवेदन सकिसकेकी थिइन्।

15. I had just stepped outside when it started raining.
पानी पर्न सुरु हुँदा म भर्खरै बाहिर निस्केको थिएँ।

16. We had planned the trip months in advance.
हामीले यात्रा महिनौं अघि योजना बनाएका थियौं।

17. She hadn't spoken to him since the argument.
झगडा भएदेखि उनले उनीसँग बोलेकी थिइनन्।

18. The guests had arrived before we finished cooking.
हामीले खाना पकाउन सक्नु अघि पाहुनाहरू आइसकेका थिए।

19. He had studied French before he moved to Paris.
पेरिस सर्नु अघि उनले फ्रेन्च अध्ययन गरेका थिए।

20. They had sold their car before leaving the country.
देश छोड्नु अघि उनीहरूले आफ्नो कार बेचेका थिए।

21. I had locked the door before going to work.
काममा जानु अघि मैले ढोका लक गरेको थिएँ।

22. She had written three emails by noon.
दिउँसोसम्म उनले तीनवटा इमेल लेखिसकेकी थिइन्।

23. Had they eaten before the show began?
कार्यक्रम सुरु हुनु अघि उनीहरूले खाइसकेका थिए?

24. The flowers had died because nobody watered them.
फूलहरू मरिसकेका थिए किनभने कसैले पानी हालेनन्।

25. He had already made his decision before the meeting.
बैठक अघि उनले पहिले नै निर्णय गरिसकेका थिए।

26. We had known each other for years before we dated.
डेटिङ सुरु गर्नु अघि हामी वर्षौंदेखि एकअर्कालाई चिन्थ्यौं।

27. She had packed her bags the night before.
उनले अघिल्लो रात आफ्ना झोलाहरू प्याक गरेकी थिइन्।

28. They had never been to a concert before that night.
त्यो रात अघि उनीहरू कहिल्यै कन्सर्टमा गएका थिएनन्।

29. I had finished my coffee by the time she arrived.
उनी आइपुग्दासम्म मैले आफ्नो कफी सकिसकेको थिएँ।

30. He had repaired the car before the trip.
यात्रा अघि उनले कार मर्मत गरिसकेका थिए।

31. The movie had started when we entered the theater.
हामी थिएटरमा प्रवेश गर्दा चलचित्र सुरु भइसकेको थियो।

32. She had cleaned the entire house before the guests came.
पाहुनाहरू आउनु अघि उनले सारा घर सफा गरिसकेकी थिइन्।

33. We had hoped for better weather.
हामीले राम्रो मौसमको आशा गरेका थियौं।

34. He had lost his passport, so he couldn't travel.
उनले आफ्नो राहदानी हराएका थिए, त्यसैले यात्रा गर्न सकेनन्।

35. They had argued before making up.
मिलाप गर्नु अघि उनीहरूले झगडा गरेका थिए।

36. I hadn't realized how late it was.
मैले कति ढिलो भयो थाहा पाएको थिइनँ।

37. She had taught at the school for ten years.
उनले विद्यालयमा दस वर्ष पढाएकी थिइन्।

38. By the time we arrived, they had eaten all the cake.
हामी पुग्दासम्म उनीहरूले सबै केक खाइसकेका थिए।

39. He had saved enough money to buy a house.
उनले घर किन्न पर्याप्त पैसा जम्मा गरेका थिए।

40. Had you ever visited Japan before that trip?
त्यो यात्रा अघि तिमीले कहिल्यै जापान भ्रमण गरेका थियौ?

41. The team had practiced hard before the final match.
अन्तिम खेल अघि टोलीले कडा अभ्यास गरेको थियो।

42. She hadn't finished her assignment when the deadline passed.
समयसीमा सकिँदा उनले आफ्नो असाइनमेन्ट सकिसकेकी थिइनन्।

43. I had seen that movie twice before.
मैले त्यो चलचित्र पहिले दुई पटक हेरेको थिएँ।

44. They had decorated the hall before the party started.
पार्टी सुरु हुनु अघि उनीहरूले हल सजाइसकेका थिए।

45. He had broken his leg before the tournament.
प्रतियोगिता अघि उनले आफ्नो खुट्टा भाँचेका थिए।

46. We had traveled through six countries by then.
त्यतिबेलासम्म हामीले छवटा देश घुमिसकेका थियौं।

47. She had bought the tickets before prices went up.
मूल्य बढ्नु अघि उनले टिकटहरू किनिसकेकी थिइन्।

48. The rain had stopped by the time we left.
हामी निस्कँदासम्म वर्षा रोकिसकेको थियो।

49. I had never understood the problem until she explained it.
उनले व्याख्या नगरेसम्म मैले समस्या कहिल्यै बुझेको थिइनँ।

50. They had completed the project before the deadline.
समयसीमा अघि उनीहरूले परियोजना सकिसकेका थिए

Past Perfect Continuous Tense | पूर्ण भूतकाल निरन्तर

What Is the Past Perfect Continuous Tense? | पूर्ण भूतकाल निरन्तर के हो?

The past perfect continuous tense is used to talk about an action that was ongoing in the past up until another action or time in the past. It emphasizes the duration of the action.

पूर्ण भूतकाल निरन्तर (Past Perfect Continuous Tense) ले भूतकालमा अर्को कार्य वा समयसम्म निरन्तर चलिरहेको कार्यको बारेमा बताउन प्रयोग गरिन्छ। यसले कार्यको अवधि मा जोड दिन्छ।

Example | उदाहरण:

• She had been studying for three hours before she took a break.
• उनले विश्राम लिनु अघि तीन घण्टा अध्ययन गरिरहेकी थिइन्।

---

Uses of the Past Perfect Continuous Tense | पूर्ण भूतकाल निरन्तरका प्रयोगहरू

1. An action ongoing before another past action | भूतकालको अर्को कार्यभन्दा अघि निरन्तर चलिरहेको कार्य

• He had been waiting for an hour before the bus arrived.
• बस आउनु अघि उनी एक घण्टा कुरिरहेका थिए।

2. Showing the duration of an action before a past time | भूतकालको समयभन्दा अघिको कार्यको अवधि देखाउन

• By 2020, they had been living in Kathmandu for ten years.
• सन् २०२० सम्ममा उनीहरू काठमाडौंमा दस वर्ष बसिरहेका थिए।

3. Showing cause and effect in the past | भूतकालमा कारण र प्रभाव देखाउन

• She was tired because she had been working all day.
• उनी थकित थिइन् किनभने उनी दिनभर काम गरिरहेकी थिइन्।

4. An action that stopped just before another past action | भूतकालको अर्को कार्यभन्दा भर्खरै रोकिएको कार्य

• The ground was wet because it had been raining.
• जमिन भिजेको थियो किनभने पानी परिरहेको थियो।

5. With "for," "since," "how long," "before," "when" | "for," "since," "how long," "before," "when" सँग

• How long had you been learning English before you moved?
• सर्नु अघि तिमी कति समय अंग्रेजी सिकिरहेका थियौ?

6. In reported speech | अप्रत्यक्ष कथनमा

• Direct: "I have been reading."
• प्रत्यक्ष: "म पढिरहेको छु।"
• Reported: He said he had been reading.
• अप्रत्यक्ष: उनले पढिरहेको बताए।

---

Structure of the Past Perfect Continuous Tense | पूर्ण भूतकाल निरन्तरको संरचना

Positive (Affirmative) | होकारात्मक

Subject + had + been + verb + -ing
कर्ता + had + been + क्रिया + -ing

SubjectAuxiliaryBeenVerb + -ingExample
I/You/He/She/It/We/They	had	been	working	She had been working.
म/तिमी/उनी/उनी/यो/हामी/उनीहरू	had	been	काम गर्दै	उनी काम गरिरहेकी थिइन्।

Negative | नकारात्मक

Subject + had + not (hadn't) + been + verb + -ing
कर्ता + had + not (hadn't) + been + क्रिया + -ing

• They had not (hadn't) been studying.
• उनीहरू अध्ययन गरिरहेका थिएनन्।

Question | प्रश्नवाचक

Had + subject + been + verb + -ing?
Had + कर्ता + been + क्रिया + -ing?

• Had you been waiting long?
• तिमी धेरै बेर कुरिरहेका थियौ?

Question Word | प्रश्नवाचक शब्द

Wh-word + had + subject + been + verb + -ing?
Wh-शब्द + had + कर्ता + been + क्रिया + -ing?

• How long had she been teaching?
• उनी कति समय पढाइरहेकी थिइन्?

Short Answers | छोटो उत्तर

• Yes, I had. / No, I hadn't.
• हो, म गरिरहेको थिएँ। / होइन, म गरिरहेको थिइनँ।

---

Common Time Expressions | सामान्य समय अभिव्यक्तिहरू

• for, since, how long, before, when, by the time, all day, all morning, until then
• for (लागि), since (देखि), how long (कति समय), before (अघि), when (जब), by the time (त्यतिबेला सम्ममा), all day (दिनभर), all morning (बिहानभर), until then (त्यतिबेलासम्म)

---

Sample Sentences | नमूना वाक्यहरू

1.      She had been studying for three hours before she took a break.
विश्राम लिनु अघि उनले तीन घण्टा अध्ययन गरिरहेकी थिइन्।

2.      They had been waiting since morning when the bus finally came.
बस अन्ततः आउँदा उनीहरू बिहानदेखि कुरिरहेका थिए।

3.      He hadn't been feeling well, so he stayed home.
उनी राम्रो महसुस गरिरहेका थिएनन्, त्यसैले घरमै बसे।

4.      Had you been working there long before you quit?
छोड्नु अघि तिमी त्यहाँ धेरै समय काम गरिरहेका थियौ?

5.      The road was wet because it had been raining all night.
सडक भिजेको थियो किनभने रातभर पानी परिरहेको थियो।

6.      By the time she arrived, we had been cooking for two hours.
उनी आइपुग्दासम्म हामी दुई घण्टा खाना पकाइरहेका थियौं।

7.      He was exhausted because he had been running.
उनी थकित थिए किनभने उनी दौडिरहेका थिए।

8.      She said she had been learning Nepali for a year.
उनले एक वर्ष नेपाली सिकिरहेको बताइन्।

9.      How long had they been living there before they moved?
सर्नु अघि उनीहरू त्यहाँ कति समय बसिरहेका थिए?

10. I had been thinking about you all day.
म दिनभर तिम्रो बारेमा सोचिरहेको थिएँ।

---

50 Additional Examples | थप ५० उदाहरणहरू

1.      I had been reading for two hours before I fell asleep.
सुत्नु अघि मैले दुई घण्टा पढिरहेको थिएँ।

2.      She had been practicing the piano since morning.
उनी बिहानदेखि पियानो अभ्यास गरिरहेकी थिइन्।

3.      They had been traveling all day before they reached the hotel.
होटल पुग्नु अघि उनीहरू दिनभर यात्रा गरिरहेका थिए।

4.      He hadn't been sleeping well for weeks.
उनी हप्तौंदेखि राम्ररी सुतिरहेका थिएनन्।

5.      Had she been crying before you came in?
तिमी भित्र आउनु अघि उनी रोइरहेकी थिइन्?

6.      The children had been playing outside until it got dark.
अँध्यारो नभएसम्म बच्चाहरू बाहिर खेलिरहेका थिए।

7.      We had been planning the event for months.
हामी महिनौंदेखि कार्यक्रमको योजना बनाइरहेका थियौं।

8.      By 2015, he had been teaching for twenty years.
सन् २०१५ सम्ममा उनी बीस वर्ष पढाइरहेका थिए।

9.      She was out of breath because she had been running.
उनी सास फुलेकी थिइन् किनभने उनी दौडिरहेकी थिइन्।

10. How long had you been waiting before the doctor called you?
डाक्टरले बोलाउनु अघि तिमी कति समय कुरिरहेका थियौ?

11. He had been working at the factory since 2010.
उनी सन् २०१० देखि कारखानामा काम गरिरहेका थिए।

12. The baby had been crying all night.
बच्चा रातभर रोइरहेको थियो।

13. They had been arguing for an hour before they made up.
मिलाप गर्नु अघि उनीहरू एक घण्टा झगडा गरिरहेका थिए।

14. I had been looking for my keys all morning.
म बिहानभर आफ्ना चाबीहरू खोजिरहेको थिएँ।

15. She had been studying English before she moved to the US.
अमेरिका सर्नु अघि उनी अंग्रेजी अध्ययन गरिरहेकी थिइन्।

16. The team had been training hard before the tournament.
प्रतियोगिता अघि टोली कडा प्रशिक्षण गरिरहेको थियो।

17. He hadn't been paying attention, so he missed the question.
उनले ध्यान दिइरहेका थिएनन्, त्यसैले प्रश्न छुटाए।

18. We had been driving for six hours when we finally stopped.
अन्ततः रोकिँदा हामी छ घण्टा गाडी चलाइरहेका थियौं।

19. She had been working all day, so she was exhausted.
उनी दिनभर काम गरिरहेकी थिइन्, त्यसैले थकित थिइन्।

20. Had they been living there long before the flood?
बाढी अघि उनीहरू त्यहाँ धेरै समय बसिरहेका थिए?

21. I had been trying to call you all evening.
म साँझभर तिमीलाई फोन गरिरहेको थिएँ।

22. The machine had been making a strange noise before it stopped.
बन्द हुनु अघि मेसिन अनौठो आवाज निकालिरहेको थियो।

23. She had been writing her thesis for a year before she submitted it.
पेश गर्नु अघि उनी एक वर्ष आफ्नो शोधपत्र लेखिरहेकी थिइन्।

24. They had been saving money for years before they bought the house.
घर किन्नु अघि उनीहरू वर्षौंदेखि पैसा जम्मा गरिरहेका थिए।

25. He had been feeling sick since Monday.
उनी सोमबारदेखि बिरामी महसुस गरिरहेका थिए।

26. How long had she been working there before she resigned?
राजीनामा दिनु अघि उनी त्यहाँ कति समय काम गरिरहेकी थिइन्?

27. We had been waiting for over an hour when the train arrived.
रेल आउँदा हामी एक घण्टाभन्दा बढी कुरिरहेका थियौं।

28. The students had been preparing for the exam all week.
विद्यार्थीहरू हप्ताभर परीक्षाको तयारी गरिरहेका थिए।

29. I had been cleaning the house before the guests arrived.
पाहुनाहरू आउनु अघि म घर सफा गरिरहेको थिएँ।

30. She had been singing for years before she became famous.
प्रसिद्ध हुनु अघि उनी वर्षौंदेखि गाइरहेकी थिइन्।

31. He had been driving all night and needed rest.
उनी रातभर गाडी चलाइरहेका थिए र विश्राम चाहिएको थियो।

32. They had been discussing the plan before the meeting started.
बैठक सुरु हुनु अघि उनीहरू योजनाबारे छलफल गरिरहेका थिए।

33. I hadn't been listening, so I didn't hear the announcement.
म सुनिरहेको थिइनँ, त्यसैले घोषणा सुनिनँ।

34. The dog had been barking for hours before someone let it in.
कसैले भित्र छोड्नु अघि कुकुर घण्टौं भुकिरहेको थियो।

35. She had been cooking when the power went out.
बिजुली गएको बेला उनी खाना पकाइरहेकी थिइन्।

36. By the time he retired, he had been working for forty years.
अवकाश लिँदासम्म उनी चालीस वर्ष काम गरिरहेका थिए।

37. We had been talking for hours before we realized the time.
समय थाहा पाउनु अघि हामी घण्टौं कुरा गरिरहेका थियौं।

38. He had been learning to drive before he bought a car.
कार किन्नु अघि उनी गाडी चलाउन सिकिरहेका थिए।

39. She had been jogging every morning before her injury.
चोट लाग्नु अघि उनी हरेक बिहान दौडिरहेकी थिइन्।

40. Had you been studying before I called you?
मैले फोन गर्नु अघि तिमी अध्ययन गरिरहेका थियौ?

41. The workers had been building the bridge for two years.
कामदारहरू दुई वर्ष पुल बनाइरहेका थिए।

42. I had been expecting good news all day.
म दिनभर राम्रो समाचारको अपेक्षा गरिरहेको थिएँ।

43. They had been living abroad before they returned home.
घर फर्कनु अघि उनीहरू विदेशमा बसिरहेका थिए।

44. He had been smoking for years before he quit.
छोड्नु अघि उनी वर्षौंदेखि धूम्रपान गरिरहेका थिए।

45. She had been teaching at the school before she moved.
सर्नु अघि उनी विद्यालयमा पढाइरहेकी थिइन्।

46. The ground was muddy because it had been raining.
जमिन हिलो थियो किनभने पानी परिरहेको थियो।

47. We had been friends for years before we had a fight.
झगडा हुनु अघि हामी वर्षौंदेखि साथी थियौं।

48. He had been thinking about quitting his job for months.
उनी महिनौंदेखि आफ्नो जागिर छोड्नेबारे सोचिरहेका थिए।

49. I had been waiting at the station when it started to snow.
हिउँ पर्न सुरु हुँदा म स्टेशनमा कुरिरहेको थिएँ।

50. They had been celebrating all night before the news came.
समाचार आउनु अघि उनीहरू रातभर मनाइरहेका थिए।

 

100 Fill in the Blanks | १०० खाली ठाउँ भर्नुहोस्

Using Simple Past, Past Continuous, Past Perfect & Past Perfect Continuous

सामान्य भूत, भूत निरन्तर, पूर्ण भूत र पूर्ण भूत निरन्तरको प्रयोग

---

Instructions | निर्देशन

Fill in each blank with the correct past tense form of the verb in brackets.
कोष्ठकमा दिइएको क्रियाको सही भूतकाल रूपले प्रत्येक खाली ठाउँ भर्नुहोस्।

---

Exercise | अभ्यास

1.      I ______ (go) to the market yesterday.

2.      She ______ (cook) dinner when I arrived.

3.      They ______ (finish) their homework before the teacher came.

4.      He ______ (wait) for two hours before the bus arrived.

5.      We ______ (watch) TV when the power went out.

6.      She ______ (already/eat) when we reached the restaurant.

7.      The children ______ (play) in the garden all morning.

8.      I ______ (see) a good movie last night.

9.      He ______ (study) hard before the exam.

10. They ______ (live) in Pokhara for five years before they moved.

11. She ______ (read) a book when her phone rang.

12. By the time we got there, the show ______ (start).

13. He ______ (work) all day, so he was tired.

14. We ______ (visit) our grandparents last weekend.

15. I ______ (not/finish) my work when she called.

16. The dog ______ (bark) for hours before someone opened the door.

17. She ______ (never/see) the ocean before that trip.

18. They ______ (dance) when the music suddenly stopped.

19. He ______ (already/leave) before I reached the office.

20. I ______ (try) to call you all evening.

21. She ______ (write) three letters yesterday.

22. We ______ (walk) home when it started raining.

23. He ______ (not/sleep) well for weeks.

24. By 2010, she ______ (become) a doctor.

25. The students ______ (prepare) for the exam all week.

26. I ______ (meet) him at the party last night.

27. She ______ (talk) on the phone when I entered.

28. They ______ (build) the house before their son was born.

29. He ______ (drive) for six hours when he finally stopped.

30. We ______ (not/see) each other since childhood.

31. She ______ (drink) coffee when the phone rang.

32. I ______ (already/read) the book before watching the film.

33. The baby ______ (cry) all night.

34. He ______ (come) home late yesterday.

35. They ______ (argue) for an hour before they made up.

36. She ______ (live) in London before she moved to Nepal.

37. We ______ (eat) dinner when the guests arrived.

38. I ______ (not/realize) how late it was.

39. He ______ (work) at the factory since 2010.

40. She ______ (buy) a new car last month.

41. The children ______ (sleep) when we got home.

42. They ______ (already/finish) the project before the deadline.

43. I ______ (wait) at the station when it started to snow.

44. He ______ (teach) for twenty years before he retired.

45. She ______ (lose) her keys yesterday.

46. We ______ (plan) the trip for months.

47. The rain ______ (stop) before we left.

48. I ______ (not/understand) the problem until she explained it.

49. He ______ (run) when he fell down.

50. They ______ (complete) the work before the boss came.

51. She ______ (sing) for years before she became famous.

52. I ______ (forget) to bring my wallet.

53. The dog ______ (eat) all the food before we noticed.

54. We ______ (travel) all day before we reached the hotel.

55. He ______ (not/pay) attention, so he missed the question.

56. She ______ (clean) the house when the guests arrived.

57. They ______ (know) each other for years before they dated.

58. I ______ (already/go) to bed when he called.

59. The machine ______ (make) a strange noise before it stopped.

60. She ______ (pack) her bags the night before.

61. We ______ (hope) for better weather.

62. He ______ (break) his leg before the tournament.

63. I ______ (look) for my keys all morning.

64. They ______ (never/be) to a concert before that night.

65. She ______ (teach) at the school before she moved.

66. We ______ (drive) for hours when we saw the accident.

67. He ______ (already/make) his decision before the meeting.

68. I ______ (clean) the entire house before the guests came.

69. The flowers ______ (die) because nobody watered them.

70. She ______ (feel) sick since Monday.

71. They ______ (save) money for years before they bought the house.

72. I ______ (watch) TV when the earthquake happened.

73. He ______ (never/ride) a horse before that day.

74. She ______ (work) all day, so she was exhausted.

75. We ______ (not/finish) cooking when the guests arrived.

76. The students ______ (study) when the teacher walked in.

77. I ______ (already/see) that movie twice before.

78. He ______ (repair) the car before the trip.

79. She ______ (jog) every morning before her injury.

80. They ______ (discuss) the plan before the meeting started.

81. I ______ (not/listen), so I didn't hear the announcement.

82. She ______ (write) her thesis for a year before she submitted it.

83. We ______ (wait) for over an hour when the train arrived.

84. He ______ (smoke) for years before he quit.

85. They ______ (decorate) the hall before the party started.

86. I ______ (think) about you all day.

87. She ______ (cook) when the power went out.

88. He ______ (learn) to drive before he bought a car.

89. We ______ (be) friends for years before we had a fight.

90. The workers ______ (build) the bridge for two years.

91. I ______ (expect) good news all day.

92. She ______ (live) abroad before she returned home.

93. They ______ (celebrate) all night before the news came.

94. He ______ (think) about quitting his job for months.

95. I ______ (see) him at the station yesterday.

96. She ______ (cry) before you came in.

97. We ______ (not/meet) before that day.

98. He ______ (drive) all night and needed rest.

99. They ______ (already/leave) when we arrived.

100.                     I ______ (study) for three hours before I took a break.

---

Answers with Short Reasons | उत्तरहरू छोटो कारणसहित

#	Answer	Reason
1	went	Simple past – finished action with "yesterday"
2	was cooking	Past continuous – action in progress when another happened
3	had finished	Past perfect – completed before another past action
4	had been waiting	Past perfect continuous – duration before another past action
5	were watching	Past continuous – action in progress when power went out
6	had already eaten	Past perfect – completed before we reached
7	had been playing	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all morning")
8	saw	Simple past – finished action with "last night"
9	had studied	Past perfect – completed before the exam
10	had been living	Past perfect continuous – duration before moving
11	was reading	Past continuous – action in progress when phone rang
12	had started	Past perfect – completed before we got there
13	had been working	Past perfect continuous – duration causing tiredness
14	visited	Simple past – finished action with "last weekend"
15	hadn't finished	Past perfect negative – not completed before she called
16	had been barking	Past perfect continuous – duration before door opened
17	had never seen	Past perfect – experience before that trip
18	were dancing	Past continuous – action in progress when music stopped
19	had already left	Past perfect – completed before I reached
20	had been trying	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all evening")
21	wrote	Simple past – finished action with "yesterday"
22	were walking	Past continuous – action in progress when it rained
23	hadn't been sleeping	Past perfect continuous negative – duration ("for weeks")
24	had become	Past perfect – completed before 2010
25	had been preparing	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all week")
26	met	Simple past – finished action with "last night"
27	was talking	Past continuous – action in progress when I entered
28	had built	Past perfect – completed before son was born
29	had been driving	Past perfect continuous – duration before stopping
30	hadn't seen	Past perfect negative – since childhood until then
31	was drinking	Past continuous – action in progress when phone rang
32	had already read	Past perfect – completed before watching film
33	had been crying	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all night")
34	came	Simple past – finished action with "yesterday"
35	had been arguing	Past perfect continuous – duration before making up
36	had lived	Past perfect – completed before moving
37	were eating	Past continuous – action in progress when guests arrived
38	hadn't realized	Past perfect negative – state before realizing
39	had been working	Past perfect continuous – duration since 2010
40	bought	Simple past – finished action with "last month"
41	were sleeping	Past continuous – action in progress when we got home
42	had already finished	Past perfect – completed before deadline
43	was waiting	Past continuous – action in progress when it snowed
44	had been teaching	Past perfect continuous – duration before retiring
45	lost	Simple past – finished action with "yesterday"
46	had been planning	Past perfect continuous – duration ("for months")
47	had stopped	Past perfect – completed before we left
48	hadn't understood	Past perfect negative – state before explanation
49	was running	Past continuous – action in progress when he fell
50	had completed	Past perfect – completed before boss came
51	had been singing	Past perfect continuous – duration before becoming famous
52	forgot	Simple past – finished action
53	had eaten	Past perfect – completed before we noticed
54	had been traveling	Past perfect continuous – duration before reaching hotel
55	hadn't been paying	Past perfect continuous negative – duration of inattention
56	was cleaning	Past continuous – action in progress when guests arrived
57	had known	Past perfect – state before dating
58	had already gone	Past perfect – completed before he called
59	had been making	Past perfect continuous – duration before stopping
60	had packed	Past perfect – completed before (the night before)
61	had hoped	Past perfect – state before a past time
62	had broken	Past perfect – completed before tournament
63	had been looking	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all morning")
64	had never been	Past perfect – experience before that night
65	had taught	Past perfect – completed before moving
66	had been driving	Past perfect continuous – duration before seeing accident
67	had already made	Past perfect – completed before meeting
68	had cleaned	Past perfect – completed before guests came
69	had died	Past perfect – completed before (nobody watered)
70	had been feeling	Past perfect continuous – duration since Monday
71	had been saving	Past perfect continuous – duration before buying house
72	was watching	Past continuous – action in progress when earthquake happened
73	had never ridden	Past perfect – experience before that day
74	had been working	Past perfect continuous – duration causing exhaustion
75	hadn't finished	Past perfect negative – not completed before guests arrived
76	were studying	Past continuous – action in progress when teacher walked in
77	had already seen	Past perfect – experience before that time
78	had repaired	Past perfect – completed before trip
79	had been jogging	Past perfect continuous – duration before injury
80	had been discussing	Past perfect continuous – duration before meeting started
81	hadn't been listening	Past perfect continuous negative – duration of not listening
82	had been writing	Past perfect continuous – duration before submitting
83	had been waiting	Past perfect continuous – duration before train arrived
84	had been smoking	Past perfect continuous – duration before quitting
85	had decorated	Past perfect – completed before party started
86	had been thinking	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all day")
87	was cooking	Past continuous – action in progress when power went out
88	had learned	Past perfect – completed before buying car
89	had been	Past perfect – state before fight
90	had been building	Past perfect continuous – duration ("for two years")
91	had been expecting	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all day")
92	had lived	Past perfect – completed before returning home
93	had been celebrating	Past perfect continuous – duration before news came
94	had been thinking	Past perfect continuous – duration ("for months")
95	saw	Simple past – finished action with "yesterday"
96	had been crying	Past perfect continuous – duration before you came in
97	hadn't met	Past perfect negative – before that day
98	had been driving	Past perfect continuous – duration ("all night")
99	had already left	Past perfect – completed before we arrived
100	had been studying	Past perfect continuous – duration before taking a break