IELTS Reading note
completion.
Sample 1
Read the text below and answer Questions
15-19.
Vacancy for food preparation assistant
Durrant House plc runs
restaurants and cafes as concessions in airports, train stations and other busy
environments around the country. We currently have a vacancy for a food
preparation assistant in our restaurant at Locksley Stadium, serving football
fans and concert-goers before, during and after events. In addition, we cater
for private parties several times a week. If you have relevant experience and a
passion for preparing food to a very high standard, we’ll be delighted to hear
from you. You must be able to multitask and to work in a fast-paced
environment. It goes without saying that working as an effective and supportive
member of a team is essential so you need to be happy in this type of work.
The role includes the
usual responsibilities, such as treating hygiene as your number one priority,
cleaning work areas, and doing whatever is required to provide food of
excellent quality. The person appointed will carry out a range of tasks,
including ensuring all raw food items are fresh, preparing vegetables to be
cooked, making sure frozen food products are used in rotation, and throwing
away any food products that are near or have passed their expiry date. He or
she will be required to familiarise themselves with the storage system, so as
to put food product supplies in the proper place and retrieve them in the right
order. In particular; we are looking for someone with skill at baking, to play
a large role in the production of pies and cakes.
Given the nature of the
venue, working hours vary from week to week, depending on the events being
held, and will often involve starting early in the morning or finishing late at
night. You can expect to work an average of around 18 hours a week, although
this cannot be guaranteed. You will also have the opportunity to work in
another of our sites for one or two days a week, or for longer periods, and
will be paid for ten days of holidays a year, Training will be provided in food
safety.
If this sounds like the job for you, please
contact Jo Simmons at simmons.j@durrant-house.com.
Questions 15-19
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 15-19 on your answer sheet.
Vacancy for food preparation assistant
Location of restaurant: in a 15 ..................
Requirements:
• relevant experience
• ability to multitask must enjoy working in a 16 ..................
Responsibilities Include:
• maintaining high standards
of 17 .................. and quality
• checking the freshness of raw food
• ensuring no food is used after its expiry date
• leaming the procedure for the 18 ..................
of food
• doing a considerable amount of the baking
Conditions:
• working hours are not 19 ..................
• payment is made for holidays
Sample
Read the text below and answer Questions 21-27.
Starting a new job
First impressions really do last, so it’s important you perform
well on your first day in the new job. Here are our top tips that will help you
sail through your first day with ease.
A new job is a great opportunity to hit the reset button. If you
got into the habit of skipping breakfast at your last job, fit it in now or
experiment with getting a workout in before going to the office. Having a
routine you like and sticking to it definitely impacts on your overall
happiness.
You’ve probably already been into the office for an interview, so
you’ll have some idea of what the dress code is. While you definitely want to
feel comfortable, it’s best to play it safe, leaning towards a smarter and more
polished look on your first day.
You don’t want to be late, but getting to the office way too early
can also potentially upset not only your schedule but other people’s too. A
good rule of thumb is to try and arrive 15 minutes ahead of the agreed start
time.
Accepting an invite to lunch with your boss and co-workers will
allow you to get to know the people you’ll be working with on a more personal
level. It will also help you get a handle on personalities and work styles. To
ensure the lunch goes well, have a few conversation starters in mind. That way,
if the talk dries up, you can get it going again.
One of the big outcomes of going through a job search is you learn
loads about yourself. In particular, you learn what you want and don’t want,
and what skills you bring to the table. With this new-found understanding, take
some time over the initial period to think about what goals you have for your
new role. In identifying these early on, you’ll be one step closer to
positioning yourself for success.
It’s important that you approach your new job with an open mind,
and that you’re ready to soak it all in. Be patient with yourself as you figure
out how you fit in, and make sure you understand the way things are done before
rushing into giving suggestions on improvements.
Remember they hired you
for a reason, so smile, relax a little and enjoy the first day of your next big
thing.
Questions 21-27
Complete the notes below.
Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the text for each
answer.
Write your answers in boxes 21-27 on your reading answer
sheet.
How best to tackle a new job
The first day
• Before arriving at work
- try out a different morning 21 ....................
that will create a sense of well-being.
- make sure your chosen outfit conforms to the company’s 22 ...................
.
• If you eat with colleagues at midday:
- it will provide information on their 23 .................... and
the way they operate.
- it may be wise to prepare some 24 .................... to
help the interaction flow.
During the first few weeks
• Work out some 25 .................... and
how to go about fulfilling them.
• Try to keep a completely 26 .................... as
you settle into the post
• Avoid making proposals at 27 .................... too
soon.
Sample
3
Qualities that make a great barista
How to become a great
maker and server of espresso-based coffee drinks
Truly great baristas take the time to develop the key skills that
will enable them to deliver the highest possible quality of coffee-based
beverage and service. As a barista, you must make a concerted effort to listen
to your clientele and make sure the drinks you produce are correct in all
respects. This is particularly important when you consider the sheer range and
complexity of modern coffee drinks, which may start from a single (or double)
shot of espresso but can include many additional elements. If you become
distracted by the conversation that is going on nearby, you may ultimately miss
the mark from a service perspective.
One thing that separates a great from a good barista is that the
former is constantly busy and has a strong work ethic. You will often catch a
great barista rinsing out the filter in their machines, for example, as this
erodes the build-up of burnt coffee oil that can begin to impact on the quality
and taste of each espresso shot. Similarly, do not be surprised to hear the
sound of the coffee grinder at work. This highlights the keen attention to
detail that distinguishes skilled baristas, as they have the desire and the
awareness to make every drink with completely fresh ground coffee. This type of
attentiveness helps baristas to get the most from the coffee that they use, as
many of the delicate aromas found in espresso are lost when exposed to the open
air.
Timing is everything when it comes to producing the perfect cup of
coffee. A great barista knows precisely when to finish the extraction of
espresso, at the point when the balance of flavour has reached its optimum
levels. They also understand how important this is; those who act too soon are
left with a drink without flavour while those who delay the finish risk burning
the beverage and tainting it with a bitter after-taste.
When it comes to customer service, there is so much more to a
coffee shop experience than drinking perfectly roasted blends. The atmosphere
and the ambience also play a central role, and the interaction that the
customer has with their barista sets the tone for an enjoyable experience.
Great baristas ask their customers how their day is going or what they’re going
to do later; they read local newspapers and keep up with issues that really
matter, all of which make a real difference in a competitive marketplace.
Questions 15-22
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 15-22 on your answer
sheet.
Notes on being a great barista
Serving the customer
● Be sure you make drinks that are 15 ....................
for the customer
● Ignore any 16 .................... around
you
Using the equipment
● Clean the machine 17 ....................
regularly
● Grinding
– always use ground coffee that is 18 ....................
– remember that air causes the smell to fade
Making the coffee
● Know when to stop making the espresso
– too early reduces the 19 ....................
– too late makes the coffee 20 ....................
Giving good customer service
● Talk to your customers
– ask about the customers’ 21 ....................
– know something about the important 22 .................... in
the area
Sample
4
Barrington Music Service:
Business and Development Manager
Barrington Music Service organises a wide range of music
activities for children and young people resident in and around Barrington. It
provides singing and specialist instrumental lessons in schools, and it owns a
collection of instruments for use in schools, some of which are available for
hire by the parents of children having lessons. The Service also arranges a
number of music-related events, including festivals bringing together choirs
and soloists from schools in both Barrington and other areas. The Music Service
provides administrative and financial support for the Barrington Youth
Orchestra, which takes part in workshops with professional artists and gives
performances.
Barrington Music Service is seeking to recruit a Business and
Development Manager to manage the administrative function and build on the
success of the Service. We are looking for an individual with a passion for
delivering the best possible music provision for the benefit of our children
and young people.
As the Business and Development Manager, you will be responsible
for managing the administrative and financial systems of the Music Service,
ensuring it does not exceed its budget, which is currently around £1m a year.
You will take the lead on marketing the Service and ensuring the generation of
new income. The Music Service is involved in several partnerships with schools
and with music and community organisations in the district, and you will be
expected to increase the number and scope of these, as well as take the lead in
fundraising. The Service recently embarked on a programme to broaden what is
taught in school music lessons, to include instruments and musical styles from
around the world, and you will be required to further develop this emphasis on
diversity.
You will need to improve systems for ensuring that the records of
the Service’s activities are accurate and maintain a database of all music
teachers, students, and instruments belonging to the Service.
The person appointed will have experience of a supervisory role
and the skills to motivate members of a team. You will have an understanding of
accounting, at a non-specialist level, and of standard financial procedures.
High-level IT skills and excellent verbal and written communication skills are
essential. Although experience in music education is not crucial, good
knowledge of the field, or of other areas of arts management, would be an
advantage.
Questions 15-20
Complete the notes below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the text for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 15-20 on your answer
sheet.
Barrington Music Service
Activities
● organises music lessons
● enables the hire of instruments
● Events such as 15 ................... for local
and visiting schools
● supports Barrington Youth Orchestra
Post of Business and Development Manager
Person appointed will
● manage the administration of the Service
● be responsible for keeping to the 16 ...................
● build 17 ................... with other
organisations
● be proactive in fundraising
● increase the focus on 18 ................... in school
music lessons (e.g., international styles)
● make sure records and a 19 ................... is
kept up-to-date
Person appointed must have
● ability to supervise and motivate others
● basic knowledge of 20 ...................
● other relevant skills
YES/NO & NOT GIVEN
For Yes/No/Not Given
questions, you will be given a set of statements and a text. Your task is to
decide which of the following applies to the information in each statement:
·
it agrees with the views of the writer – YES (Y)
·
it disagrees with or contradicts what the writer thinks – NO
(N)
·
it is impossible to know what the writer’s point of view is
– NOT GIVEN (NG)
Sample 1
But salt is also an essential element. Without it, life
itself would be impossible since the human body requires the mineral in order
to function properly. The concentration of sodium .ions in the blood is
directly related to the regulation of safe body fluid levels. And while we are
all familiar with its many uses in cooking, we may not be aware that this element
is used in some 14,000 commercial applications. From manufacturing pulp and
paper to setting dyes in textiles and fabric, from producing soaps and
detergents to making our roads safe in winter, salt plays an essential part in
our daily lives. Salt has a long and influential role in world history. From
the dawn of civilization, it has been a key factor in economic, religious,
social and political development in every corner of the world, it has been the
subject of superstition, folklore, and warfare, and has even been used as
currency.
Questions
1. It is possible to live without consuming salt.
2. Sodium ions control body fluid levels.
3. Salt has only culinary uses.
4. Salt deficiency results in diseases.
5. Salt has been used as money.
Sample 2
The
ecotourism business is still very much in need of a shake-up and a standardised
approach. There are a few organisations that have sprung up in the last ten
years or so that endeavour to educate travelers and operators about the
benefits of responsible ecotourism. Founded in 1990, the Ecotourism Society
(TES) is a non-profit organization of travel industry, conservation, and
ecological professionals, which aims to make ecotourism a genuine tool for
conservation and sustainable development. Helping to create inherent economic
value in wilderness environments and threatened cultures has undoubtedly been
one of the ecotourism movement’s most notable achievements. TES organizes an
annual initiative to further aid the development of the ecotourism industry. This
year it is launching ‘Your Travel Choice Makes a Difference’, an educational
campaign aimed at helping consumers understand the potential positive and
negative impacts of their travel decisions. TES also offers guidance on the
choice of ecotour and has established a register of
approved ecotourism operators around the world.
Questions
1. Over the decade, organizations have been introduced to educate
travelers and visitors about the advantages of ecotourism.
2. Ecotourism business
has acquired a strong position in the market.
3. The Ecotourism
Society (TES) was first established in 1990 with the objective of making
ecotourism a genuinely used tool for conservation and substantial
development.
4. TES guides the
travelers on the choice of their ecotourism and sponsors them.
5. An educational
campaign was introduced by TES to make the tourists understand the negative and
positive impacts of their travel decisions.
Sample 3
In
Australia, the University of Sydney’s Professor Ian Caterson says while major
genetic defects may be rare, many people probably have minor genetic variations
that combine to dictate the weight and are responsible for things such as how
much we eat, the amount of exercise we do and the amount of energy we need. When
you add up all these little variations, the result is that some people are
genetically predisposed to putting on weight. He says while the fast/slow
metabolism debate may have been settled, that doesn’t mean some other subtle
change in the metabolism gene won’t be found in overweight people. He is
confident that science will, eventually, be able to ‘cure’ some forms of
obesity. Still, the only effective way for the vast majority of overweight and
obese people to lose weight is a change of diet and an increase in exercise.
Questions
1.Dr
Susan Jebb said that the genetic defects for obesity may be rare.
2. Some people are
genetically liable to putting on weight.
3. Caterson believed
that science will help in curing some of the obesity forms.
4. Obese people often
try to deny their responsibility.
5.
One of the most effective ways to lose weight is to exercise daily, and follow
a healthy-eating plan.
Sample 4
The concept of indoor farming is not new since hothouse
production of tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time. What
is new is the urgent need to scale up this technology to accommodate another
three billion people. Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming
is needed, employing cutting-edge technologies. One such proposal is for the
“Vertical Farm”. These are multi-story buildings in which food crops are grown
in environmentally controlled conditions. Situated in the heart of urban
centres, they would drastically reduce the amount of transportation required to
bring food to consumers. Vertical farms would need to be efficient, cheap to
construct, and safe to operate. If successfully implemented, proponents claim,
vertical farms offer the promise of urban renewal, sustainable production of
safe and varied food supply (through year-round production of all crops), and
the eventual repair of ecosystems that have been sacrificed for horizontal
farming.
Questions
1. Vertical farm technology will accommodate the production for
another three billion people – No.
2. Vertical farming is
proposed by people as a part of a new approach to indoor farming.
3.Vertical farming
technologies face economic challenges with large start-up costs compared to
traditional farms.
4. Vertical farming
would reduce the use of transportation required to carry food items to the
consumers.
5.
With the implementation of vertical farms, there will be a reliable production
of safe and varied food supplies.
Sample 5
Humans
and monkeys are mammals, in the animal family known as primates. These are not
the only animals whose numerical capacities rely on ratio. The same seems to
apply to some amphibians. Psychologist Claudia Uller’s team tempted
salamanders with two sets of fruit flies held in clear tubes. In a series of
trials, the researchers noted which tube the salamanders scampered towards,
reasoning that if they could recognize the number, they would head for the
larger number. The salamanders successfully discriminated between tubes
containing 8 and 16 flies respectively, but not between 3 and 4. 4 and 6, or 8
and 12. So it seems that for the salamanders to discriminate between two
numbers, the larger must be at least twice as big as the smaller. However, they
could differentiate between 2 and 3 flies and between 1 and 2 flies, suggesting
they recognize small numbers differently from larger numbers.
Questions
1. Primates are the only
animals whose numerical capacities rely on ratio.
2. Salamanders were
tempted by two sets of fruit flies by Claudia Uller and the researchers.
3. It was very difficult
for Claudia Uller’s team to recognize the scampered salamanders in the
tube.
4. Salamanders could
easily discriminate between the tubes containing 8 and 12 flies.
5.
The researchers gave a final reason that the salamanders could discriminate
between two numbers in which the larger number must be twice as big as the
smaller number.
TRUE, FALSE and
NOT GIVEN in IELTS Reading Passage
TRUE
If the statement matches the information in the passage
FALSE
If
the statement contradicts the information in the passage
NOT
GIVEN
If
the information is not found in the passage
Sample 1
The hottest month
According to the Met Office, the UK had its warmest July day
ever on July 1, when temperatures hit 36.7 C near London. There were record
heat waves in many countries including Spain, while the African continent had
the second-warmest July on record.
While the impact of increased levels of carbon dioxide in
the atmosphere is a key driver of rising temperatures, another important factor
is El Nino. This natural phenomenon, which appears as a large swathe of warm
water in the Pacific every few years, is known to push up global temperatures.
In recent days there have been reports that this year's El
Nino will be particularly intense. As a result, many experts believe that 2015
will be the warmest year on record by some margin.
The seas have also been soaking up a large amount of heat,
the NOAA said, with record warming in large expanses of the Pacific and Indian
Oceans
Peter Stott, head of climate monitoring and attribution at
the UK Met Office, said: "A strong El Nino is under way in the tropical
Pacific and this, combined with the long-term global warming trend, means there
is the potential to see some very warm months throughout this year - as the new
figures for July appear to show.
Questions
1. Africa
had the warmest July day ever on July 1.
2.
The temperature is rising due to the increased
level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
3.
2015 might be the hottest year in the history.
4.
Record warming was recorded in various seas, such
as Black and Azov Sea.
5.
The year 2015 might very well consist of a number
of very warm months.
Sample 2
The concept of releasing aerosol sprays into the stratosphere
above the Arctic has been proposed by several scientists. This would involve
using sulphur or hydrogen sulphide aerosols so that sulphur dioxide would form
clouds, which would, in turn, lead to global dimming. The idea is modelled on
historic volcanic explosions, such as that of Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines
in 1991, which led to a short-term cooling of global temperatures by 0.5 °C.
Scientists have also scrutinised whether it’s possible to preserve the ice
sheets of Greenland with reinforced high-tension cables, preventing icebergs
from moving into the sea. Meanwhile, in the Russian Arctic, geoengineering
plans include the planting of millions of birch trees. Whereas the region’s
native evergreen pines shade the snow and absorb radiation, birches would shed
their leaves in winter, thus enabling radiation to be reflected by the snow.
Re-routing Russian rivers to increase cold water flow to ice-forming areas
could also be used to slow down warming, say some climate scientists.
Questions
1. Many scientists thought it was irrelevant to release the
aerosol sprays into the stratosphere above the Arctic.
2. Sulphur dioxide aerosols will lead to global dimming.
3. Climate scientists say that Re-routing Russian rivers will not
only increase the water flow in the ice-forming areas but will also help in
slowing down the warming.
4. Planting of birch trees in the Arctic region will absorb the
radiation.
5.
The historic volcanic explosions on Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines occurred
in the year 1991.
Sample 3
All dinosaurs, whether large or small, quadrupedal or
bipedal, fleet-footed or slow-moving, shared a common body plan.
Identification of this plan makes it possible to differentiate dinosaurs from
any other types of animal, even other archosaurs. Most significantly, in
dinosaurs, the pelvis and femur had evolved so that the hind limbs were held
vertically beneath the body, rather than sprawling out to the sides like the
limbs of a lizard. The femur of all dinosaur hull a sharply in-turned neck and
a halt-shaped bead, which slotted into a fully open acetabulum or hip socket. A
supra-acetabular crest helped prevent dislocation of the femur. The position of
the knee joint, aligned below the acetabulum, made it possible for the whole
hind limb to swing backward and forwards. This unique combination of features
gave dinosaurs what is known as a “fully improved gait.” Evolution of this
highly efficient method of walking also developed in mammals, but among
reptiles, it occurred only in dinosaurs.
Questions
1.The dinosaurs were known as “fully improved gait.”
2. Archosaurs and dinosaurs are of the same species.
3. The evolution of walking evolved in all the reptiles and in
humans.
4. The dinosaurs’ hind limbs are sprawling out of the sides like
the limbs of a lizard.
5.
It is the knee joint position aligned below the acetabulum that makes it
possible for the entire hind limbs to swing back and forth.
Sample 4
No one doubts that intelligence develops as children grow
older. Yet, the concept of intelligence has proved both quite difficult to
define in unambiguous terms and unexpectedly controversial in some respects.
Although at one level, there seem to be almost as many definitions of intelligence
as people who have tried to define it, there is broad agreement on two key
features. That is, intelligence involves the capacity to not only to learn from
experience but also to adapt to one’s environment. However, we cannot leave the
concept there. Before turning to what is known about intelligence development,
it is necessary to consider whether we consider the growth of one or many
skills. That question has been tackled in rather different ways by
psychometricians and by developmentally.
Questions
1. As children grow older, Intelligence evolves.
2. The concept of intelligence has failed to win over the
controversies regarding the definition of intelligence.
3. Intelligence can be defined as the capacity to learn from
experience and learn to adapt to the environment.
4. It is unnecessary to consider how many skills are involved in
the evolution of intelligence.
5.
Many psychometricians have avoided giving an exact definition of
intelligence.
Sample 5
Hot-air ballooning is generally a safe activity, and serious
accidents are rare. In the event that something does go wrong, several items of
safety gear are useful to have on board. In case, the pilot light and the
auxiliary piezo ignition fail, it is a good idea to have a welding torch flint
sparker available for the pilot’s use. Given the propane combustion used to
propel the hot-air balloon, a fire extinguisher is an absolute
necessity. Flame-resistant gauntlets made out of either leather
or Nomex are required for the pilot so that a gas valve can be disabled
even if an open flame is present. While Nomex is a specially manufactured
synthetic form of fire retardant material, synthetic clothing is generally a
hindrance to fire safety, and clothing made of natural fiber is a superior
option for pilots. Finally, a handling line – a long rope that can be thrown
overboard – is a vital precautionary measure that allows people on the ground
to steer the balloon away from trouble.
Questions
1.Fatal accidents are more common in hot-air balloons
2. Safety gears are always available on the hot-air balloons
3. It is unnecessary to carry a fire extinguisher in the hot-air
balloons.
4. Flame-resistant gauntlets made of leather are one of the
required items for a pilot.
5. People on the ground
use handling rope to steer the balloon.
Sample 6
One
of the strongest explanations for the severe loss of life has been the fact
that the Titanic did not carry enough lifeboats for everyone on board. Maritime
regulations at the time tied lifeboat capacity to the ship size, not to the
number of passengers on board. This meant that the Titanic, with room for 1,178
of its 2,222 passengers, actually surpassed the Board of Trade’s requirement to
carry lifeboats for 1,060 of its passengers. Nevertheless, with lifeboats being
lowered less than half full in many cases, and only 712 passengers surviving
despite a two-and-a-half-hour window of opportunity, more lifeboats would not
have guaranteed more survivors in the absence of better training and
preparation. Many passengers were confused about where to go after the order to
launch lifeboats was given; a lifeboat drill scheduled for earlier on the same
day that the Titanic struck the iceberg was cancelled by Captain Smith to allow
passengers to attend church.
Questions
1. The Titanic carried 1,178 lifeboats for 2,222 passengers.
2. Out of the total 2,222 passengers, only 712 passengers survived
with the help of lifeboats
3. Lifeboat drills were cancelled by Captain Smith on the very
same day when Titanic ended up hitting the iceberg
4. Captain Smith knew that the Titanic would hit the
iceberg.
5. Passengers who
survived the tragic accident were already trained and prepared.
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