Problem-Solution Essay
IELTS Writing Task 2, a Problem-Solution Essay
follows a clear structure. Here’s the format you should use:
1. Introduction
- Paraphrase
the question
(restate the problem in your own words).
- State
the problem clearly
and mention that you will discuss solutions.
Example:
"In recent years, urban pollution has become a pressing issue in many
cities worldwide. This essay will discuss the major causes of this problem and
suggest possible solutions."
2. Body Paragraph 1: Problems
- Introduce
the first problem
(explain and provide an example).
- Introduce
the second problem
(explain and provide an example).
Example:
1.
Cause:
Industrial pollution
→ Factories release toxic waste.
2.
Cause:
Vehicle emissions
→ Increase in private transport leads to air pollution.
3. Body Paragraph 2: Solutions
- Introduce
the first solution
(explain how it helps and give an example).
- Introduce
the second solution
(explain how it helps and give an example).
Example:
1.
Solution:
Stricter environmental laws
→ Governments should impose heavy fines on polluting factories.
2.
Solution:
Promote public transport
→ Investing in better public transport can reduce vehicle emissions.
4. Conclusion
- Summarize
the problems and solutions briefly.
- Give
a final thought or recommendation.
👉 Example:
"To conclude, industrial pollution and vehicle emissions are
significant contributors to urban pollution. However, stricter regulations and
improved public transport can help combat this issue. Governments and
individuals must work together to create a cleaner environment."
IELTS Problem-Solution Essay
Template
1. Introduction
Paraphrase
the question (state the problem in different words).
Briefly mention the problems and possible solutions.
Template:
"In recent years, [problem] has become a major concern in
many parts of the world. This essay will discuss the main causes of this issue
and suggest possible solutions to address it."
2. Body Paragraph
1: Problems
Topic
sentence: Introduce the
first problem.
Explanation:
Explain why this is a problem.
Example:
Provide an example or evidence.
Second
problem: Repeat the process for the second problem.
Template:
"One of the main causes of [problem] is [first cause]. This
occurs because [explanation]. For example, [give a real or hypothetical
example].
"Another major issue is [second cause]. This problem arises
due to [explanation]. A good illustration of this is [example]."
3. Body Paragraph
2: Solutions
Topic
sentence: Introduce the
first solution.
Explanation:
Explain how this solution works.
Example:
Provide an example or evidence.
Second
solution: Repeat the process for the second solution.
Template:
"One possible solution to this issue is [first solution]. By
implementing this measure, [explain how it helps]. For instance, [example].
"Another effective way to tackle this problem is [second
solution]. If [who should take action], then [explain impact]. A clear example
of this can be seen in [example]."
4. Conclusion
Summarize the
problems and solutions.
Give a final thought or recommendation.
Template:
"In conclusion, [problem] is a serious issue caused by
[causes]. However, it can be effectively addressed through [solutions].
Therefore, it is essential for [government/society/individuals] to take action
in order to [positive outcome]."
Question 1
Many people today are becoming victims
of cybercrime, such as identity theft and online fraud. What are the causes of
this problem, and what measures can be taken to solve it?
In recent years, cybercrime has become a major
concern in many parts of the world. This essay will discuss the main causes of
this issue and suggest possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of cybercrime is the
lack of online security awareness. This occurs because many people use weak
passwords and share personal information on unsecured websites. For example,
studies show that millions of users fall victim to phishing scams every year
due to poor online safety habits. Another major issue is the increasing
sophistication of hackers. This problem arises due to advancements in
technology that allow cybercriminals to bypass security systems. A good
illustration of this is ransom ware attacks, where hackers lock people’s files
and demand payment to unlock them.
One possible solution to this issue is
educating people about cybersecurity. By conducting awareness campaigns,
individuals can learn how to protect their data. For instance, governments can
introduce cybersecurity training in schools and workplaces to promote safe
online practices. Another effective way to tackle this problem is strengthening
cybersecurity laws. If authorities implement stricter regulations and penalties
for cybercriminals, then online fraud and hacking cases can be reduced. A clear
example of this can be seen in countries where strong cybersecurity laws have
successfully deterred cybercrimes.
In conclusion, cybercrime is a serious issue
caused by a lack of online security awareness and advanced hacking techniques.
However, it can be effectively addressed through public education and stronger
cybersecurity laws. Therefore, it is essential for both individuals and
governments to take action to create a safer digital environment.
Question 2
Air pollution is increasing at an
alarming rate in many cities around the world. What are the causes of this
problem, and what solutions can be implemented to reduce it?
In recent years, air pollution has become a
major concern in many urban areas worldwide. This essay will discuss the main
causes of this issue and suggest possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of air pollution is
vehicle emissions. This occurs because many people rely on private cars, which
release harmful gases into the atmosphere. For example, cities with high
traffic congestion, such as Beijing and New Delhi, experience severe air
pollution due to excessive car use. Another major issue is industrial
pollution. This problem arises due to factories releasing toxic gases and
chemicals into the air. A good illustration of this is the presence of smog in
industrial regions, which leads to respiratory diseases among residents.
One possible solution to this issue is
promoting public transport. By investing in efficient and affordable bus and
train systems, governments can encourage people to use them instead of private
cars. For instance, cities like Singapore have significantly reduced pollution
levels by improving their public transportation network. Another effective way
to tackle this problem is implementing stricter environmental regulations. If
factories are required to install pollution control systems and use cleaner
energy sources, then industrial emissions can be minimized. A clear example of
this can be seen in Sweden, where strict environmental laws have successfully
reduced air pollution.
In conclusion, air pollution is a serious
issue caused by vehicle emissions and industrial activities. However, it can be
effectively addressed through improved public transport and stricter
environmental laws. Therefore, governments and individuals must work together
to create cleaner and healthier cities.
Question 3
In many countries, fewer people are
reading books nowadays. What are the causes of this decline, and what solutions
can be implemented to encourage people to read more?
In recent years, the decline of reading habits
has become a major concern in many parts of the world. This essay will discuss
the main causes of this issue and suggest possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of the decline in reading
habits is the rise of digital entertainment. This occurs because people prefer
to spend time on social media, watching videos, or playing games rather than
reading books. For example, studies show that screen time has increased
dramatically, reducing the amount of time people dedicate to reading. Another
major issue is the high cost of books. This problem arises due to expensive
publishing and distribution costs, making books unaffordable for many people. A
good illustration of this is the limited access to books in developing
countries, where libraries and bookstores are scarce.
One possible solution to this issue is
promoting digital books. By making e-books and audio books more accessible,
people can read conveniently on their devices. For instance, many online
platforms now offer free or discounted e-books, encouraging more people to
read. Another effective way to tackle this problem is increasing library
funding. If governments invest in public libraries and offer book-sharing
programs, then more people will have access to books. A clear example of this
can be seen in countries with well-funded libraries, where reading culture
remains strong.
In conclusion, the decline in reading habits
is a serious issue caused by digital distractions and the high cost of books.
However, it can be effectively addressed through the promotion of e-books and
improved access to libraries. Therefore, governments and educational
institutions must take steps to encourage more people to read.
Question 4
Many young people today live unhealthy
lifestyles. What are the reasons for this, and what can be done to solve the
problem?
In recent years, unhealthy lifestyles among
young people have become a major concern in many societies. This essay will
discuss the main causes of this issue and suggest possible solutions to address
it.
One of the main causes of unhealthy lifestyles
is poor diet choices. This occurs because fast food and sugary drinks are
widely available and heavily advertised to young people. For example, studies
show that childhood obesity rates have increased due to the overconsumption of
junk food. Another major issue is the lack of physical activity. This problem
arises due to the increased use of technology, such as smart phones and video
games, which keep young people sedentary. A good illustration of this is the
growing number of teenagers who spend hours on social media instead of engaging
in sports or outdoor activities.
One possible solution to this issue is
promoting healthy eating habits. By implementing stricter regulations on junk
food advertisements and providing healthier options in schools, young people
can develop better dietary habits. For instance, some countries have introduced
taxes on sugary drinks to discourage excessive consumption. Another effective way
to tackle this problem is encouraging physical activity. If schools and
communities organize more sports programs and fitness initiatives, then young
people will become more active. A clear example of this can be seen in
countries where physical education is mandatory, leading to healthier youth.
In conclusion, unhealthy lifestyles among
young people are a serious issue caused by poor diet choices and lack of
exercise. However, it can be effectively addressed through better nutrition
policies and increased physical activity programs. Therefore, it is crucial for
parents, schools, and governments to take action to improve the health of
future generations.
1. Question:
Many people today do not know their
neighbors and the sense of community is disappearing.
Write about the causes of this problem
and suggest possible solutions.
Essay:
Introduction
In recent years, the lack of interaction among neighbors has become a major
concern in many parts of the world. This essay will discuss the main causes of
this issue and suggest possible solutions to address it.
Body Paragraph 1: Problems
One of the main causes of this issue is the
busy modern lifestyle. This occurs because people are often too occupied with
work, school, and personal responsibilities to socialize. For example, many
individuals work long hours and return home exhausted, making them less likely
to interact with neighbors.
Another major issue is the rise of digital entertainment. This problem arises
due to people spending more time on their phones or watching online content
rather than engaging in community activities. A good illustration of this is
how social media has replaced face-to-face communication.
Body Paragraph 2: Solutions
One possible solution to this issue is to
organize local events. By implementing this measure, residents can have more
opportunities to meet and build connections. For instance, neighborhood
festivals or sports events can bring people together. Another effective way to
tackle this problem is encouraging community centers. If local governments
invest in such places, then people can gather regularly for various programs. A
clear example of this can be seen in cities with active community clubs that
foster friendships.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the loss of neighborhood interaction is a serious issue caused
by busy lifestyles and digital distractions. However, it can be effectively
addressed through local events and community initiatives. Therefore, it is
essential for both governments and individuals to take action in order to
rebuild strong community bonds.
2. Question:
Plastic pollution is becoming
increasingly severe in oceans and rivers around the world.
Discuss the problems and provide
solutions.
In recent years, plastic pollution in water
bodies has become a major concern in many parts of the world. This essay will
discuss the main causes of this issue and suggest possible solutions to address
it.
One of the main causes of plastic pollution is
the overuse of single-use plastics. This occurs because many products are
packaged in plastic for convenience. For example, plastic bottles and bags are
widely used and often discarded improperly.
Another major issue is poor waste management. This problem arises due to a lack
of infrastructure and awareness in many areas. A good illustration of this is
when garbage from cities ends up in rivers and eventually the ocean.
One possible solution to this issue is banning
single-use plastics. By implementing this measure, governments can reduce
plastic waste significantly. For instance, countries like Rwanda have seen
cleaner cities after such bans.
Another effective way to tackle this problem is launching recycling programs.
If schools and communities promote recycling habits, then people will be more
mindful about plastic use. A clear example of this can be seen in Japan, where
recycling is a part of daily life.
In conclusion, plastic pollution is a serious
issue caused by excessive plastic use and poor waste systems. However, it can
be effectively addressed through government bans and public recycling efforts.
Therefore, it is essential for both governments and citizens to act in order to
protect the environment.
3. Question:
Many young people today face
unemployment despite having a university degree.
Discuss the problems and offer possible solutions.
Essay:
In recent years, graduate unemployment has become a major concern in many parts
of the world. This essay will discuss the main causes of this issue and suggest
possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of graduate
unemployment is a mismatch between education and job market needs. This occurs
because universities often focus more on theory than practical skills. For
example, a graduate in history may struggle to find a relevant job in today’s
technology-driven economy.
Another major issue is the saturation of degree holders in some fields. This
problem arises due to too many students choosing similar subjects. A good
illustration of this is the high number of business graduates competing for
limited positions.
One possible solution to this issue is
revising university curricula. By implementing this measure, students can gain
skills that match current job market demands. For instance, including
internships and vocational training can improve employability.
Another effective way to tackle this problem is encouraging entrepreneurship.
If students are supported to start their own businesses, then they can create
jobs for themselves and others. A clear example of this can be seen in startup
hubs like Bangalore or Silicon Valley.
In conclusion, youth unemployment is a serious
issue caused by outdated education systems and over-saturation in certain
degrees. However, it can be effectively addressed through curriculum reforms
and entrepreneurial support. Therefore, it is essential for educational
institutions and governments to take action in order to ensure better job
prospects for graduates.
4. Question:
Many cities are experiencing increased
traffic congestion.
What are the problems and how can they
be solved?
In recent years, traffic congestion has become a major concern in many parts of
the world. This essay will discuss the main causes of this issue and suggest
possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of traffic congestion
is the increasing number of private vehicles. This occurs because cars have
become more affordable and convenient. For example, families in urban areas
often own more than one car.
Another major issue is poor public transport systems. This problem arises due
to insufficient investment in buses and trains. A good illustration of this is
how many people avoid unreliable public transport and prefer to drive.
One possible solution to this issue is
improving public transportation. By implementing this measure, more people will
choose it over private cars. For instance, cities with metro systems like Tokyo
or London experience less congestion.
Another effective way to tackle this problem is introducing carpooling and
congestion charges. If commuters share rides or pay to drive during peak hours,
then traffic can be reduced. A clear example of this is the congestion charge
in central London.
In conclusion, traffic congestion is a serious
issue caused by too many private cars and poor public transit. However, it can
be effectively addressed through better transport systems and smart traffic
policies. Therefore, it is essential for governments to take action in order to
improve urban mobility.
5. Question:
People are becoming increasingly
dependent on technology.
What are the problems and what solutions can you suggest?
In recent years, growing dependence on technology has become a major concern in
many parts of the world. This essay will discuss the main causes of this issue
and suggest possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of this problem is
reduced human interaction. This occurs because people often prefer
communicating through devices rather than face-to-face. For example, families
may sit together but be occupied with their phones.
Another major issue is reduced physical activity. This problem arises due to
technology making tasks easier and more sedentary. A good illustration of this
is children spending hours on screens instead of playing outside.
One possible solution to this issue is
promoting digital detox programs. By implementing this measure, people can
learn to balance screen time with real-world activities. For instance, schools
can set ‘no screen’ days to encourage creativity and interaction.
Another effective way to tackle this problem is raising awareness through
education. If schools and media promote the risks of overdependence, then users
may be more mindful. A clear example of this can be seen in campaigns like
“Unplug to Connect.”
In conclusion, overreliance on technology is a
serious issue caused by reduced social and physical engagement. However, it can
be effectively addressed through digital breaks and awareness programs.
Therefore, it is essential for both individuals and institutions to take action
in order to ensure healthy use of technology.
6. Question:
Obesity is becoming a serious problem
in many countries.
Discuss the causes and solutions.
In recent years, obesity has become a major concern in many parts of the world.
This essay will discuss the main causes of this issue and suggest possible
solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of obesity is unhealthy
eating habits. This occurs because fast food is easily accessible and cheap.
For example, many people eat burgers and fries regularly due to convenience. Another
major issue is a sedentary lifestyle. This problem arises due to lack of
physical exercise. A good illustration of this is office workers who spend
hours sitting without any physical activity.
One possible solution to this issue is promoting healthy diets. By implementing
this measure, people will be encouraged to eat more fruits and vegetables. For
instance, governments can run awareness campaigns in schools and communities.
Another effective way to tackle this problem is encouraging physical activity.
If workplaces and schools include fitness programs, then people will be more
active. A clear example of this is schools with regular physical education
showing lower obesity rates.
In conclusion, obesity is a serious issue
caused by poor diet and inactivity. However, it can be effectively addressed
through health campaigns and physical exercise programs. Therefore, it is
essential for both governments and individuals to take action in order to
promote a healthier lifestyle.
7. Question:
Some students drop out of school
early.
What are the causes of this problem and how
can it be solved?
In recent years, early school dropout has
become a major concern in many parts of the world. This essay will discuss the
main causes of this issue and suggest possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of dropping out is financial pressure. This occurs
because some families cannot afford school fees. For example, students in rural
areas may leave school to support their families. Another major issue is lack
of interest or poor academic performance. This problem arises due to outdated
teaching methods or large class sizes. A good illustration of this is students
feeling disconnected from the school system.
One possible solution to this issue is providing financial support. By
implementing this measure, low-income families can keep their children in
school. For instance, scholarship programs can reduce dropout rates. Another
effective way to tackle this problem is improving teaching quality. If schools
invest in teacher training and interactive learning, then students may stay
motivated. A clear example of this can be seen in Finland’s successful
education model.
In conclusion, school dropout is a serious
issue caused by poverty and lack of engagement. However, it can be effectively addressed
through financial aid and better teaching methods. Therefore, it is essential
for governments and schools to take action in order to keep students in the
education system.
8. Question:
Cyberbullying is
becoming more common among teenagers.
What are the problems and what can be done to solve them?
In recent years, cyberbullying among teenagers has become a major concern in
many parts of the world. This essay will discuss the main causes of this issue
and suggest possible solutions to address it.
One of the main causes of cyberbullying is the
anonymous nature of the internet. This occurs because bullies feel they can
harass others without consequences. For example, fake social media accounts are
often used to insult or threaten others.
Another major issue is lack of parental supervision. This problem arises due to
busy schedules or lack of digital awareness. A good illustration of this is
when teenagers are left alone with internet access for hours.
One possible solution to this issue is
stricter monitoring of online platforms. By implementing this measure, harmful
content and fake accounts can be quickly removed. For instance, some apps already
have AI tools to detect bullying behavior. Another effective way to tackle this
problem is educating both parents and students. If schools include cyber safety
lessons and parents monitor usage, then cyberbullying can be reduced. A clear
example of this is anti-bullying programs in U.S. schools.
In conclusion, cyberbullying is a serious
issue caused by online anonymity and lack of supervision. However, it can be
effectively addressed through better online monitoring and education.
Therefore, it is essential for schools, parents, and tech companies to take
action in order to ensure teen safety online.
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