Passage 1: The Invention of the Printing Press
Before the 15th
century, books in Europe were copied by hand, usually by monks in monasteries.
This process was slow, expensive, and limited the spread of knowledge. Only the
wealthy could afford to own books, and literacy rates remained low.
The invention of
the printing press by Johannes Gutenberg around 1440 transformed society. His
movable type system allowed books to be produced faster and in larger
quantities. As a result, books became more affordable and literacy began to
spread across different social classes. Printing presses quickly spread
throughout Europe, facilitating the Renaissance and scientific discoveries.
Questions:
True, False, or Not Given
1.
Monks
were the only people who copied books before the printing press.
2.
The
printing press made books cheaper and more accessible.
3.
Gutenberg
invented the printing press after 1450.
4.
The
Renaissance was aided by the invention of the printing press.
Answers
with Reasoning:
1.
False – The passage says monks usually
copied books, not that they were the only ones.
2.
True – The passage explicitly states that
books became more affordable.
3.
False – Gutenberg invented the press around
1440, not after 1450.
4.
True – The passage mentions that printing
presses facilitated the Renaissance.
Passage 2: Ocean Plastic Pollution
Every year,
millions of tons of plastic enter the world’s oceans. These plastics range from
large items like bottles and fishing nets to microscopic particles called
microplastics. Marine animals, including fish, birds, and turtles, often
mistake plastic for food, which can lead to starvation or death.
Efforts to reduce
ocean plastic include recycling, banning single-use plastics, and innovative
technologies such as devices that collect plastics from rivers before they reach
the ocean. However, despite these efforts, the total volume of ocean plastics
continues to increase each year.
Questions:
True, False, or Not Given
1.
Microplastics
are the largest type of ocean plastic.
2.
Plastic
pollution can kill marine animals.
3.
Recycling
and bans on single-use plastics have stopped ocean plastic pollution.
4.
Ocean
plastics are increasing despite efforts to reduce them.
Answers
with Reasoning:
1.
False – Microplastics are small, not the
largest.
2.
True – The passage explicitly says animals
can die from eating plastics.
3.
False – The passage states that the total
volume continues to increase.
4.
True – The passage confirms that ocean
plastics are still increasing.
Tips for True/False/Not Given questions:
1.
True – The statement matches information
in the passage.
2.
False – The statement contradicts
information in the passage.
3.
Not
Given – There is no
information in the passage to confirm or deny the statement.
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