UPSC Mains Mock Paper 1 (2025 Pattern)
Instructions:
·
Total Marks: 250 × 5 (GS Papers I–IV + Essay)
·
Duration: 3 hours per paper (Essay + each GS paper separately)
·
Answer all questions in each paper as instructed
Essay
(250 Marks)
Instructions:
Write any 2 essays
out of 4 topics. Each essay: 125
marks, 3 hours for 2 essays
1.
Inclusive growth and sustainable development in India
2.
Role of technology in governance: Opportunities and Challenges
3.
Climate change and its impact on India
4.
Population explosion vs resources: Challenges and solutions
GS
Paper I – Indian Heritage, History & Geography (250 Marks)
Answer
all questions (approx. 12–15 min per question)
1.
Examine the contributions of the Bhakti and Sufi movements in
medieval India. How did they influence social and cultural integration?
2.
Analyse the causes and consequences of the Revolt of 1857.
3.
Discuss the distribution of mineral resources in India and explain
its impact on regional economic disparities.
4.
Examine the role of rivers and mountain ranges in shaping Indian
civilization and human settlements.
GS
Paper II – Polity, Governance, Social Justice & International Relations
(250 Marks)
1.
Evaluate the effectiveness of the Right to Information (RTI) Act
in promoting transparency and accountability in India.
2.
Discuss the role of the Election Commission of India in ensuring
free and fair elections.
3.
Analyse India’s foreign policy towards the Indo-Pacific region in
the context of economic and strategic interests.
4.
Examine the challenges and measures for social justice and
inclusion of marginalized communities in India.
GS
Paper III – Economy, Science & Technology, Environment, Security (250
Marks)
1.
Assess the role of digital financial inclusion in India’s economic
development.
2.
Discuss the measures to address climate change in India and
evaluate their effectiveness.
3.
Analyse the impact of recent technological innovations on
governance and public service delivery in India.
4.
Examine the challenges to internal security in India and suggest
measures to strengthen national security.
GS
Paper IV – Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude (250 Marks)
Case
Study 1:
You are a District Collector. A contractor with political connections offers a
bribe to get a government contract. How should you respond? Analyse the ethical
issues, possible courses of action, and justify your decision.
Case
Study 2:
During a disaster relief operation, you discover corruption in fund
distribution. How would you handle it while ensuring fairness and transparency?
Case
Study 3:
A junior officer approaches you for guidance about reporting a senior officer’s
misconduct. What steps would you take, considering ethics, integrity, and
administrative propriety?
Preparation Tip for Mock 1:
·
Treat each paper as timed
exam
·
Essay: 1–1.5 hrs per essay
·
GS Papers: ~12–15 min per question for planning, then write
·
Ethics: 30–35 min per case study
UPSC Mains Mock Paper 2 (2025 Pattern)
Instructions:
·
Total Marks: 250 × 5 (Essay + GS I–IV)
·
Duration: 3 hours per paper
·
Answer all questions as instructed
Essay
(250 Marks)
Instructions:
Write any 2 essays
out of 4 topics. Each essay: 125
marks
1.
“Artificial Intelligence and its impact on governance and
employment”
2.
“Water scarcity and sustainable management in India”
3.
“Globalization and its effects on Indian society”
4.
“Digital divide in India: Challenges and solutions”
GS
Paper I – Indian Heritage, History & Geography (250 Marks)
1.
Discuss the role of women in India’s freedom struggle and analyze
their impact on the nationalist movement.
2.
Examine the social and economic reforms introduced during the
British colonial period and their long-term consequences.
3.
Explain the factors influencing the distribution of crops in
India. How do climatic and geographical conditions affect agriculture?
4.
Analyze the impact of urbanization on India’s environment and
society.
GS
Paper II – Polity, Governance, Social Justice & International Relations
(250 Marks)
1.
Critically examine the role of the Finance Commission in India’s
fiscal federalism.
2.
Discuss the challenges of implementing social welfare schemes in
India and suggest measures for improving efficiency.
3.
Examine India’s approach to counterterrorism and strategic
security in South Asia.
4.
Analyse the significance of e-governance initiatives in improving
transparency and service delivery in India.
GS
Paper III – Economy, Science & Technology, Environment, Security (250
Marks)
1.
Evaluate the impact of the National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP)
on India’s economic growth.
2.
Discuss the role of renewable energy sources in India’s energy
security and environmental sustainability.
3.
Examine the impact of recent scientific innovations (e.g.,
biotechnology, AI, space tech) on India’s socio-economic development.
4.
Analyse the challenges of cybersecurity and suggest strategies for
India to strengthen digital security.
GS
Paper IV – Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude (250 Marks)
Case
Study 1:
You are a senior officer in a district administration. You notice nepotism in
recruitment for a public scheme. How would you handle it while upholding
ethical standards?
Case
Study 2:
During an election, you receive information about illegal funding of a
candidate by influential businessmen. Discuss your approach considering ethics,
law, and governance.
Case
Study 3:
A subordinate officer is hesitant to report a senior officer’s misconduct
fearing retaliation. What measures will you take to ensure ethical compliance
and protection of whistleblowers?
Preparation Tip for Mock 2:
·
Treat each paper under
exam-like timing
·
Use current
affairs examples wherever possible
·
Ethics: Practice structured
answers → Problem → Ethical Issues → Options → Solution → Justification
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