Day 21 Simple Sentences, Compound Sentences, and Complex Sentences in English and Romanized Nepali

 Day 21

Simple Sentences, Compound Sentences, and Complex Sentences in English and Romanized Nepali

Each type is explained with definitions, structures, examples, and key differences.

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Overview (सिंहावलोकन)

Sentence Type	Definition	Nepali Meaning
Simple Sentence	One independent clause (one subject + one predicate)	एउटा स्वतन्त्र वाक्य (एउटा कर्ता + एउटा भनाइ)
Compound Sentence	Two or more independent clauses joined by a conjunction	दुई वा धेरै स्वतन्त्र वाक्यहरू संयोजकले जोडिएका
Complex Sentence	One independent clause + one or more dependent clauses	एउटा स्वतन्त्र वाक्य + एक वा धेरै आश्रित वाक्यहरू

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1. Simple Sentence (सरल वाक्य)

Definition: A sentence that has one independent clause – one subject and one predicate (verb + object/complement). It expresses a complete thought.
Nepali: एउटा स्वतन्त्र उपवाक्य भएको वाक्य – एउटा कर्ता र एउटा विधेय (क्रिया + कर्म)। यसले पूरा विचार व्यक्त गर्छ।
Structure: Subject + Verb + (Object / Complement)

English Example	Nepali Example (Romanized)
I love reading books.	Malai kitab padhna man parchha.
She sings beautifully.	U ramrari gaunchhe.
They arrived late.	Uniharu dhila aaye.
The sun rises in the east.	Surya purba ma udcha.
He is a teacher.	U sikshak ho.

More examples (Simple Sentences)

#	English	Nepali (Romanized)
1	The dog barked loudly.	Kukur thulo swarma bhukyo.
2	My mother cooks delicious food.	Meri aama mitho khana pakauchhin.
3	We went to Pokhara last week.	Hami pichhilo hapta Pokhara gayou.
4	He drives a red car.	U rato gaadi chalaunchha.
5	The child is crying.	Bachha roiraheko cha.
6	Birds fly in the sky.	Chara haru aakash ma udchhan.
7	I drank a cup of tea.	Maile ek kap chiya piye.
8	She wrote a letter.	Usle euta chithi lekhin.
9	The shop is closed.	Pasal banda cha.
10	They are playing football.	Uniharu football kheliraheka chhan.

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2. Compound Sentence (संयुक्त वाक्य)

Definition: A sentence that has two or more independent clauses joined by coordinating conjunctions (FANBOYS).
Nepali: दुई वा धेरै स्वतन्त्र उपवाक्यहरू संयोजकले जोडिएका वाक्य।
Structure: Independent Clause + , + Conjunction + Independent Clause

Conjunction	Use	English Example	Nepali Example (Romanized)
And	Addition	I ate rice, and he ate curry.	Maile bhat khaye, ra usle tarkari khayo.
But	Contrast	She is rich, but she is not happy.	U dhani chhe, tara khusi chaina.
Or	Choice	You can stay home, or you can come with us.	Timi ghar basna sakchhau, athawa hamisanga aauna sakchhau.
So	Result	He was tired, so he went to sleep.	U thakya thiyo, tyasaile sutna gayo.
Yet	Contrast	He worked hard, yet he failed.	Usle mehenat garyo, taipani asafal bhayo.
For	Reason	I stayed home, for it was raining.	Ma ghar basye, kinaki pani pareko thiyo.
Nor	Negative addition	He didn't call, nor did he text.	Usle phone garena, na ta message pathayo.

More examples (Compound Sentences)

#	English	Nepali (Romanized)
1	I wanted to go, but I was tired.	Ma jana chaheko thiye, tara ma thakya thiye.
2	You can walk, or you can take a bus.	Timi hidna sakchhau, athawa bus chadna sakchhau.
3	She studied hard, so she passed.	Usle ramrari padhi, tyasaile pass bhayi.
4	He is smart, yet he makes mistakes.	U buddhi maan cha, taipani galti garchha.
5	I was hungry, so I ate food.	Ma bhokai thiye, tyasaile khana khaye.
6	She loves him, but he ignores her.	U uslai maya garchhe, tara u ignore garchha.
7	We wanted to play, but it rained.	Hami khelna chaheka thiyau, tara pani paryo.
8	He didn’t study, nor did he revise.	Usle padhena, na ta revise garyo.
9	She sings well, and she dances well.	U ramrari gaunchhe, ra ramrari nachchhe.
10	It was expensive, but I bought it.	Yo mahango thiyo, tara maile kine.

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3. Complex Sentence (जटिल वाक्य)

Definition: One independent clause + one or more dependent clauses.
Nepali: एउटा स्वतन्त्र वाक्य + आश्रित वाक्य।
Structure: Independent Clause + Dependent Clause / Dependent Clause + Independent Clause

Subordinating Conjunction	Use	English Example	Nepali Example (Romanized)
Because	Reason	I stayed home because it rained.	Ma ghar basye kinaki pani paryo.
Although	Contrast	Although he is rich, he is humble.	Yadyapi u dhani cha, u namri cha.
If	Condition	If you study, you will pass.	Yadi timi padhyau bhane pass hunchhau.
When	Time	When I arrived, she cooked.	Jaba ma aaye, u pakairahhe thi.
While	Simultaneous	She sang while I played.	U gaunchhe jabaki ma bajauchhu.
Since	Reason/Time	Since you are busy, I go.	Kinaki timi busy chhau, ma jaanchhu.
Until	Time limit	Wait until I come.	Ma aaunjel samma parkha.
So that	Purpose	Study so that you pass.	Padh taaki timi pass hou.

More examples (Complex Sentences)

#	English	Nepali (Romanized)
1	Because she was sick, she didn’t come.	Kinaki u birami thi, u aaina.
2	Although it rained, we went out.	Yadyapi pani paryo, hami gayo.
3	If you help me, I will help you.	Yadi timi madat garchhau bhane ma garchhu.
4	I slept when the lights went out.	Batti gayo jaba ma suti.
5	He failed because he didn’t study.	Usle padhena kinaki fail bhayo.
6	Unless you hurry, you will miss bus.	Chito nagare bus chhutcha.
7	She cried as if she lost everything.	U sabai gumaye jasto royi.
8	Wherever you go, I will follow.	Jata gaye pani ma aunchhu.
9	He spoke so that everyone understood.	Usle bolyo taaki sabai bujhchhan.
10	Since we are busy, we cannot go.	Kinaki hami busy chhau, jana sakdaina.

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Key Differences (मुख्य भिन्नताहरू)

Feature	Simple	Compound	Complex
Clauses	1 independent	2+ independent	1 independent + dependent
Standalone clauses	Yes	Yes	No (dependent cannot stand alone)
Conjunction	None	FANBOYS	Subordinating
Equality	Single idea	Equal ideas	Main + supporting idea
Nepali	सरल	संयुक्त	जटिल

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Comparison Examples

Idea	Simple	Compound	Complex
Study & pass	He studied. He passed.	He studied, so he passed.	Because he studied, he passed.
Nepali	Usle padyo. U pass bhayo.	Usle padyo, tyasaile pass bhayo.	Kinaki usle padyo, u pass bhayo.

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Summary Chart (सारांश)

Type	Nepali	Structure	Example
Simple	सरल	1 clause	I eat rice.
Compound	संयुक्त	2 independent clauses	I eat rice, and she eats curry.
Complex	जटिल	Independent + Dependent	When I am hungry, I eat rice.

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Quick Tips (छिटो सुझाव)

• Simple: One idea only
• Compound: Two equal ideas joined by FANBOYS
• Complex: Main idea + supporting idea (because, if, when, etc.)

·         100 additional examples of Simple, Compound, and Complex sentences in English + Nepali (Romanized together).

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·         A. Simple Sentences (1–35)

·         (One independent clause)

#	English	Nepali (Romanized)
1	I like coffee.	Malai coffee man parchha.
2	She is reading a book.	U kitab padhdai chhe.
3	They are playing cricket.	Uniharu cricket kheliraheka chhan.
4	He works in a bank.	U bank ma kaam garchha.
5	We are happy.	Hami khusi chhau.
6	The sun is shining.	Gham chamkiraheko cha.
7	Birds are flying.	Chara haru udiraheka chhan.
8	I am eating rice.	Ma bhat khairaheko chhu.
9	She writes poems.	U kabita lekchhe.
10	He is sleeping.	U sutiraheko cha.
11	The dog is barking.	Kukur bhukiraheko cha.
12	I went home.	Ma ghar gayen.
13	She is my friend.	U meri sathi ho.
14	They live in Kathmandu.	Uniharu Kathmandu ma baschhan.
15	He is a doctor.	U doctor ho.
16	We study English.	Hami English padhchhau.
17	The baby is crying.	Bachha roiraheko cha.
18	I bought a pen.	Maile kalam kine.
19	She sings songs.	U geet gaunchhe.
20	He is tall.	U lamo cha.
21	The shop is open.	Pasal khuleko cha.
22	I drink water.	Ma paani piuchhu.
23	She cooks food.	U khana pakauchhe.
24	They arrived late.	Uniharu dhila aayen.
25	He runs fast.	U chito daudchha.
26	I love Nepal.	Ma Nepal man parauchhu.
27	She is beautiful.	U sundar chhe.
28	We are students.	Hami vidyarthi hau.
29	He drives a car.	U gaadi chalaunchha.
30	I am tired.	Ma thakko chhu.
31	The sky is blue.	Aakash nilo cha.
32	She is singing.	U gaudai chhe.
33	They are friends.	Uniharu sathi hun.
34	I woke up early.	Ma chito uthe.
35	He is writing.	U lekhdai cha.

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·         B. Compound Sentences (36–70)

·         (Two independent clauses joined by FANBOYS)

#	English	Nepali (Romanized)
36	I like tea, and she likes coffee.	Malai chiya man parchha, ra uslai coffee man parchha.
37	He studied, so he passed.	Usle padyo, tyasaile pass bhayo.
38	She is rich, but she is unhappy.	U dhani chhe, tara khusi chaina.
39	You can stay, or you can leave.	Timi basna sakchhau, athawa jana sakchhau.
40	I was tired, so I slept.	Ma thakko thiye, tyasaile sute.
41	He called me, and I answered.	Usle malai bolayo, ra maile jawaf diye.
42	She sang, and we danced.	U gaunchhe, ra hami nachyau.
43	I was hungry, so I ate.	Ma bhokai thiye, tyasaile khaye.
44	He is smart, but lazy.	U buddhi maan cha, tara alchi cha.
45	We went out, and we enjoyed.	Hami bahira gayo, ra ramailo garyo.
46	It was raining, so we stayed home.	Pani pariraheko thiyo, tyasaile ghar basyau.
47	She cried, but no one helped.	U royi, tara kasaile madat garena.
48	I cooked food, and he ate it.	Maile khana pakaye, ra usle khayo.
49	He missed the bus, so he walked.	Usle bus chhutayo, tyasaile hidyo.
50	You study, or you will fail.	Timi padh, natra fail hunchhau.
51	She works hard, yet she is poor.	U mehenat garchhe, taipani garib chhe.
52	I waited, but he didn’t come.	Ma parkhe, tara u aayena.
53	We tried, but failed.	Hami prayas garyau, tara asafal bhayau.
54	He ran fast, and he won.	U chito daudyo, ra jitiyo.
55	She smiled, and I smiled too.	U hasi, ra ma pani hasen.
56	I called, but no one answered.	Maile phone gare, tara kasaile uthaena.
57	They shouted, so we ran.	Uniharu chichyaye, tyasaile hami bhagyau.
58	He cooked, and she cleaned.	Usle pakayo, ra usle safa gari.
59	I was late, so I apologized.	Ma dhila thiye, tyasaile maafi mage.
60	She danced, and he sang.	U nachi, ra usle gayo.
61	We worked hard, so we succeeded	Hami mehenat garyau, tyasaile safal bhayau.
62	He studied, but he failed.	Usle padyo, tara fail bhayo.
63	I like apples, and she likes oranges.	Malai syau man parchha, ra uslai suntala.
64	She cooked, so we ate.	Usle pakayo, tyasaile hami khayau.
65	He cried, but nobody listened.	U royo, tara kasaile sunena.

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·         C. Complex Sentences (71–100)

·         (Independent + Dependent clause)

#	English	Nepali (Romanized)
71	I stayed home because it was raining.	Ma ghar basen kinaki pani pariraheko thiyo.
72	She passed because she studied hard.	U pass bhayi kinaki usle ramrari padhyo.
73	If you work hard, you will succeed.	Yadi timi mehenat garchhau bhane safal hunchhau.
74	When I arrived, she was cooking.	Jaba ma aaye, u pakairahhe thi.
75	Although he is rich, he is kind.	Yadyapi u dhani cha, u dayalu cha.
76	If it rains, we will stay home.	Yadi pani paryo bhane hami ghar baschhau.
77	Because she was tired, she slept early.	Kinaki u thakko thi, u chito sute.
78	When he called, I was studying.	Jaba usle phone garyo, ma padhdai thiye.
79	Although it was cold, we went out.	Yadyapi jado thiyo, hami bahira gayo.
80	If you help me, I will help you.	Yadi timi madat garchhau bhane ma garchhu.
81	I will wait until you come.	Ma timi aaunjel samma parkhanchhu.
82	She smiled when she saw me.	U hasi jaba usle malai dekhi.
83	Because he was late, he missed class.	Kinaki u dhila thiyo, class chhutayo.
84	Although she tried, she failed.	Yadyapi usle prayas gari, u asafal bhayi.
85	When I was young, I played football.	Jaba ma sano thiye, ma football khelthye.
86	If you study, you will pass.	Yadi timi padhyau bhane pass hunchhau.
87	Since he is busy, I will go alone.	Kinaki u busy cha, ma eklai jaanchhu.
88	She cried because she was sad.	U royi kinaki u dukhi thi.
89	When the bell rang, students ran.	Jaba ghanti bajyo, vidyarthi daudey.
90	Although he is young, he is wise.	Yadyapi u sano cha, u buddhiman cha.
91	If it is sunny, we will go.	Yadi gham lagyo bhane hami jaanchhau.
92	Because I was sick, I stayed home.	Kinaki ma birami thiye, ma ghar basen.
93	When she sings, everyone listens.	Jaba u gaunchhe, sabai sunchhan.
94	Although it was expensive, I bought it.	Yadyapi yo mahango thiyo, maile kine.
95	If you come early, we will start.	Yadi timi chito aauchhau bhane hami suru garchhau.
96	I left because I was tired.	Ma gayen kinaki ma thakko thiye.
97	When he came, we were eating.	Jaba u aayo, hami khadai thiyau.
98	Although she is poor, she is happy.	Yadyapi u garib chhe, u khusi chhe.
99	Because it rained, match was cancelled.	Kinaki pani paryo, match cancel bhayo.
100	If you try, you will succeed.	Yadi timi prayas garchhau bhane safal hunchhau.