The Verb "To Be" (हुनु) – The Most Important Verb

The Verb "To Be" (हुनु) – The Most Important Verb

What is "To Be"? (हुनु भनेको के हो?)

English: The verb "to be" (am, is, are, was, were) is the most fundamental verb in English. It doesn't show action; instead, it shows:

• Identity (who or what someone/something is)
• State/condition (how someone/something is)
• Location (where someone/something is)
• Existence (that someone/something exists)

Nepali: "To Be" क्रिया (am, is, are, was, were) अंग्रेजीको सबैभन्दा महत्त्वपूर्ण क्रिया हो। यसले कुनै कामलाई होइन, बरु:

• पहिचान (को वा के हो भन्ने)
• अवस्था/भावना (कस्तो छ भन्ने)
• स्थान (कहाँ छ भन्ने)
• अस्तित्व (त्यो अवस्थित छ भन्ने) जनाउँछ।

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Present Tense Forms (वर्तमान कालका रूपहरू)

Full Table (पूर्ण तालिका)

Subject	English	Nepali
I	am	हुँ (hũ)
He / She / It	is	हो / छ (ho / cha)
You / We / They	are	हौ / हुन् / छन् (hau / hun / chan)

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I AM - म हुँ (ma hũ)

#	English	Nepali
1	I am a student.	म हुँ एक विद्यार्थी।
2	I am happy.	म खुसी छु।
3	I am tired.	म थाकेको छु।
4	I am hungry.	मलाई भोक लागेको छ।
5	I am from Nepal.	म नेपालको हुँ।
6	I am a teacher.	म शिक्षक हुँ।
7	I am 25 years old.	म २५ वर्षको हुँ।
8	I am at home.	म घरमा छु।
9	I am ready.	म तयार छु।
10	I am sorry.	म दुखी छु / माफी चाहन्छु।
11	I am busy right now.	म अहिले व्यस्त छु।
12	I am sick.	म बिरामी छु।
13	I am not afraid.	म डराएको छैन।
14	I am interested in music.	मलाई संगीतमा रुचि छ।
15	I am very lucky.	म धेरै भाग्यमानी छु।
16	I am in the kitchen.	म भान्साकोठामा छु।
17	I am late for work.	म कामको लागि ढिलो भएको छु।
18	I am proud of you.	म तिमीमा गर्व गर्छु।
19	I am sure about it.	म यसको बारेमा निश्चित छु।
20	I am going to school.	म विद्यालय जाँदै छु।

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HE IS - ऊ हो / ऊ छ (ū ho / ū cha)

#	English	Nepali
1	He is my brother.	ऊ मेरो भाइ हो।
2	He is a doctor.	ऊ डाक्टर हो।
3	He is very tall.	ऊ धेरै अग्लो छ।
4	He is happy today.	ऊ आज खुसी छ।
5	He is at school.	ऊ विद्यालयमा छ।
6	He is tired after work.	ऊ काम पछि थाकेको छ।
7	He is a good person.	ऊ राम्रो मान्छे हो।
8	He is from Pokhara.	ऊ पोखराको हो।
9	He is sick today.	ऊ आज बिरामी छ।
10	He is 30 years old.	ऊ ३० वर्षको छ।
11	He is in the garden.	ऊ बगैंचामा छ।
12	He is not ready yet.	ऊ अझै तयार छैन।
13	He is a teacher.	ऊ शिक्षक हो।
14	He is very smart.	ऊ धेरै बुद्धिमान् छ।
15	He is late again.	ऊ फेरि ढिलो भयो।
16	He is with his friends.	ऊ आफ्ना साथीहरूसँग छ।
17	He is interested in sports.	उसलाई खेलकुदमा रुचि छ।
18	He is a very hard worker.	ऊ धेरै मेहनती हो।
19	He is at the office now.	ऊ अहिले कार्यालयमा छ।
20	He is the best student.	ऊ सबैभन्दा राम्रो विद्यार्थी हो।

SHE IS - उनी हुन् / उनी छिन् (unī hun / unī chhin)

#	English	Nepali
1	She is my sister.	उनी मेरी बहिनी हुन्।
2	She is a nurse.	उनी नर्स हुन्।
3	She is very beautiful.	उनी धेरै सुन्दर छिन्।
4	She is happy with her job.	उनी आफ्नो काममा खुसी छिन्।
5	She is in the kitchen.	उनी भान्साकोठामा छिन्।
6	She is a great singer.	उनी उत्कृष्ट गायिका हुन्।
7	She is from Chitwan.	उनी चितवनकी हुन्।
8	She is tired today.	उनी आज थाकेकी छिन्।
9	She is 28 years old.	उनी २८ वर्षकी हुन्।
10	She is at the market.	उनी बजारमा छिन्।
11	She is a good cook.	उनी राम्रो पकवान हुन्।
12	She is not feeling well.	उनी राम्रो महसुस गरिरहेकी छैनन्।
13	She is with her mother.	उनी आमासँग छिन्।
14	She is very kind.	उनी धेरै दयालु हुन्।
15	She is late for class.	उनी कक्षाको लागि ढिलो भइन्।
16	She is the team leader.	उनी टोलीकी नेता हुन्।
17	She is interested in art.	उनलाई कलामा रुचि छ।
18	She is always smiling.	उनी सधैं मुस्कुराउँछिन्।
19	She is at the hospital.	उनी अस्पतालमा छिन्।
20	She is my best friend.	उनी मेरी सबैभन्दा मिल्ने साथी हुन्।

IT IS - यो हो / त्यो छ (yo ho / tyo cha)

#	English	Nepali
1	It is a book.	यो एउटा किताब हो।
2	It is raining.	पानी परिरहेको छ।
3	It is cold today.	आज चिसो छ।
4	It is my bag.	यो मेरो झोला हो।
5	It is on the table.	यो टेबलमा छ।
6	It is a beautiful day.	सुन्दर दिन छ।
7	It is very expensive.	यो धेरै महँगो छ।
8	It is a big problem.	यो एउटा ठूलो समस्या हो।
9	It is 8 o'clock.	८ बजेको छ।
10	It is a dog.	यो एउटा कुकुर हो।
11	It is not working.	यो काम गरिरहेको छैन।
12	It is my house.	यो मेरो घर हो।
13	It is very hot outside.	बाहिर धेरै गर्मी छ।
14	It is a good idea.	यो राम्रो विचार हो।
15	It is in the box.	यो बाकसमा छ।
16	It is a new car.	यो नयाँ गाडी हो।
17	It is too far.	यो धेरै टाढा छ।
18	It is my favorite movie.	यो मेरो मनपर्ने चलचित्र हो।
19	It is very dark here.	यहाँ धेरै अँध्यारो छ।
20	It is time to go.	जाने समय भयो।

YOU ARE - तिमी हौ / तपाईं हुनुहुन्छ (timī hau / tapāīṃ hunuhunchha)

#	English	Nepali
1	You are my friend.	तिमी मेरो साथी हौ।
2	You are very kind.	तिमी धेरै दयालु हौ।
3	You are a teacher.	तिमी शिक्षक हौ।
4	You are right.	तिमी सही हौ।
5	You are at home.	तिमी घरमा छौ।
6	You are beautiful.	तिमी सुन्दर छौ।
7	You are from Kathmandu.	तिमी काठमाडौंका हौ।
8	You are busy today.	तिमी आज व्यस्त छौ।
9	You are a good student.	तिमी राम्रो विद्यार्थी हौ।
10	You are 20 years old.	तिमी २० वर्षका हौ।
11	You are not alone.	तिमी एक्लो छैनौ।
12	You are in my heart.	तिमी मेरो मुटुमा छौ।
13	You are the best.	तिमी सबैभन्दा राम्रो हौ।
14	You are very smart.	तिमी धेरै बुद्धिमान् छौ।
15	You are with your friends.	तिमी साथीहरूसँग छौ।
16	You are late for dinner.	तिमी खानाको लागि ढिलो भयौ।
17	You are important to me.	तिमी मेरो लागि महत्त्वपूर्ण छौ।
18	You are ready to go.	तिमी जान तयार छौ।
19	You are a great dancer.	तिमी उत्कृष्ट नर्तक हौ।
20	You are my inspiration.	तिमी मेरो प्रेरणा हौ।

WE ARE - हामी हौं (hāmī haũ)

#	English	Nepali
1	We are friends.	हामी साथी हौं।
2	We are from Nepal.	हामी नेपालका हौं।
3	We are happy today.	हामी आज खुसी छौं।
4	We are students.	हामी विद्यार्थी हौं।
5	We are at school.	हामी विद्यालयमा छौं।
6	We are ready for the exam.	हामी परीक्षाको लागि तयार छौं।
7	We are a big family.	हामी एउटा ठूलो परिवार हौं।
8	We are tired after work.	हामी काम पछि थाकेका छौं।
9	We are in the same team.	हामी एउटै टोलीमा छौं।
10	We are very lucky.	हामी धेरै भाग्यमानी छौं।
11	We are not sure.	हामी निश्चित छैनौं।
12	We are from the same village.	हामी एउटै गाउँका हौं।
13	We are busy right now.	हामी अहिले व्यस्त छौं।
14	We are excited about the trip.	हामी यात्राको बारेमा उत्साहित छौं।
15	We are in the garden.	हामी बगैंचामा छौं।
16	We are all together.	हामी सबै सँगै छौं।
17	We are hungry.	हामीलाई भोक लागेको छ।
18	We are proud of our country.	हामी देशमा गर्व गर्छौं।
19	We are going home.	हामी घर जाँदै छौं।
20	We are the champions.	हामी विजेता हौं।

THEY ARE - उनीहरू हुन् / छन् (unīharū hun / chan)

#	English	Nepali
1	They are my parents.	उनीहरू मेरा आमाबाबु हुन्।
2	They are doctors.	उनीहरू डाक्टर हुन्।
3	They are very busy.	उनीहरू धेरै व्यस्त छन्।
4	They are from Biratnagar.	उनीहरू विराटनगरका हुन्।
5	They are at the park.	उनीहरू पार्कमा छन्।
6	They are good people.	उनीहरू राम्रो मान्छे हुन्।
7	They are happy with their life.	उनीहरू आफ्नो जीवनमा खुसी छन्।
8	They are my classmates.	उनीहरू मेरा सहपाठी हुन्।
9	They are tired after the game.	उनीहरू खेल पछि थाकेका छन्।
10	They are in the classroom.	उनीहरू कक्षाकोठामा छन्।
11	They are not ready yet.	उनीहरू अझै तयार छैनन्।
12	They are very friendly.	उनीहरू धेरै मिलनसार छन्।
13	They are from my village.	उनीहरू मेरो गाउँका हुन्।
14	They are interested in music.	उनीहरूलाई संगीतमा रुचि छ।
15	They are at the cinema.	उनीहरू सिनेमा घरमा छन्।
16	They are my neighbors.	उनीहरू मेरा छिमेकी हुन्।
17	They are all students.	उनीहरू सबै विद्यार्थी हुन्।
18	They are proud of their son.	उनीहरू आफ्नो छोरामा गर्व गर्छन्।
19	They are in the office.	उनीहरू कार्यालयमा छन्।
20	They are very helpful.	उनीहरू धेरै सहयोगी छन्।

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Past Tense Forms (भूत कालका रूपहरू)

Subject	English	Nepali
I / He / She / It	was	थिएँ / थियो / थिइन् (thiẽ / thiyo / thiin)
You / We / They	were	थियौ / थियौं / थिए (thiyau / thiyaũ / thie)

I WAS - म थिएँ (ma thiẽ)

#	English	Nepali
1	I was a student.	म विद्यार्थी थिएँ।
2	I was happy yesterday.	म हिजो खुसी थिएँ।
3	I was tired.	म थाकेको थिएँ।
4	I was at home.	म घरमा थिएँ।
5	I was late for school.	म विद्यालयको लागि ढिलो थिएँ।
6	I was sick last week.	म अघिल्लो हप्ता बिरामी थिएँ।
7	I was in Kathmandu.	म काठमाडौंमा थिएँ।
8	I was very busy.	म धेरै व्यस्त थिएँ।
9	I was hungry.	मलाई भोक लागेको थियो।
10	I was not ready.	म तयार थिइनँ।
11	I was a teacher before.	म पहिले शिक्षक थिएँ।
12	I was surprised.	म अचम्ममा परेको थिएँ।
13	I was with my family.	म परिवारसँग थिएँ।
14	I was wrong.	म गलत थिएँ।
15	I was excited.	म उत्साहित थिएँ।
16	I was in the garden.	म बगैंचामा थिएँ।
17	I was very young then.	म त्यतिबेला धेरै सानो थिएँ।
18	I was afraid.	म डराएको थिएँ।
19	I was at the office.	म कार्यालयमा थिएँ।
20	I was lucky.	म भाग्यमानी थिएँ।

HE / SHE / IT WAS

#	English	Nepali
1	He was my teacher.	ऊ मेरो शिक्षक थियो।
2	He was very tall.	ऊ धेरै अग्लो थियो।
3	He was at school.	ऊ विद्यालयमा थियो।
4	She was a nurse.	उनी नर्स थिइन्।
5	She was beautiful.	उनी सुन्दर थिइन्।
6	She was happy.	उनी खुसी थिइन्।
7	It was a good day.	त्यो राम्रो दिन थियो।
8	It was raining.	पानी परिरहेको थियो।
9	He was tired.	ऊ थाकेको थियो।
10	She was with her mother.	उनी आमासँग थिइन्।
11	It was my birthday.	त्यो मेरो जन्मदिन थियो।
12	He was a doctor.	ऊ डाक्टर थियो।
13	She was late.	उनी ढिलो थिइन्।
14	It was very cold.	धेरै चिसो थियो।
15	He was in Pokhara.	ऊ पोखरामा थियो।
16	She was sick.	उनी बिरामी थिइन्।
17	It was on the table.	त्यो टेबलमा थियो।
18	He was not there.	ऊ त्यहाँ थिएन।
19	She was a good singer.	उनी राम्रो गायिका थिइन्।
20	It was a big mistake.	त्यो एउटा ठूलो गल्ती थियो।

YOU WERE - तिमी थियौ / तपाईं हुनुहुन्थ्यो

#	English	Nepali
1	You were my friend.	तिमी मेरो साथी थियौ।
2	You were right.	तिमी सही थियौ।
3	You were at home.	तिमी घरमा थियौ।
4	You were busy yesterday.	तिमी हिजो व्यस्त थियौ।
5	You were a teacher.	तिमी शिक्षक थियौ।
6	You were very kind.	तिमी धेरै दयालु थियौ।
7	You were late.	तिमी ढिलो थियौ।
8	You were with your sister.	तिमी बहिनीसँग थियौ।
9	You were tired.	तिमी थाकेका थियौ।
10	You were not there.	तिमी त्यहाँ थिएनौ।
11	You were a good student.	तिमी राम्रो विद्यार्थी थियौ।
12	You were happy then.	तिमी त्यतिबेला खुसी थियौ।
13	You were in the office.	तिमी कार्यालयमा थियौ।
14	You were surprised.	तिमी अचम्ममा परेका थियौ।
15	You were wrong.	तिमी गलत थियौ।
16	You were very brave.	तिमी धेरै साहसी थियौ।
17	You were at the party.	तिमी पार्टीमा थियौ।
18	You were young.	तिमी जवान थियौ।
19	You were alone.	तिमी एक्लो थियौ।
20	You were my hero.	तिमी मेरो नायक थियौ।

WE WERE - हामी थियौं (hāmī thiyaũ)

#	English	Nepali
1	We were classmates.	हामी सहपाठी थियौं।
2	We were very happy.	हामी धेरै खुसी थियौं।
3	We were at home.	हामी घरमा थियौं।
4	We were late for school.	हामी विद्यालयको लागि ढिलो थियौं।
5	We were tired.	हामी थाकेका थियौं।
6	We were in Kathmandu.	हामी काठमाडौंमा थियौं।
7	We were friends.	हामी साथी थियौं।
8	We were not ready.	हामी तयार थिएनौं।
9	We were very busy.	हामी धेरै व्यस्त थियौं।
10	We were all together.	हामी सबै सँगै थियौं।
11	We were students.	हामी विद्यार्थी थियौं।
12	We were excited.	हामी उत्साहित थियौं।
13	We were in the park.	हामी पार्कमा थियौं।
14	We were hungry.	हामीलाई भोक लागेको थियो।
15	We were wrong.	हामी गलत थियौं।
16	We were from the same village.	हामी एउटै गाउँका थियौं।
17	We were scared.	हामी डराएका थियौं।
18	We were on vacation.	हामी बिदामा थियौं।
19	We were proud.	हामी गर्वित थियौं।
20	We were the champions.	हामी विजेता थियौं।

THEY WERE - उनीहरू थिए (unīharū thie)

#	English	Nepali
1	They were my teachers.	उनीहरू मेरा शिक्षक थिए।
2	They were very busy.	उनीहरू धेरै व्यस्त थिए।
3	They were in the garden.	उनीहरू बगैंचामा थिए।
4	They were happy.	उनीहरू खुसी थिए।
5	They were from Nepal.	उनीहरू नेपालका थिए।
6	They were tired.	उनीहरू थाकेका थिए।
7	They were at school.	उनीहरू विद्यालयमा थिए।
8	They were my friends.	उनीहरू मेरा साथी थिए।
9	They were not there.	उनीहरू त्यहाँ थिएनन्।
10	They were very kind.	उनीहरू धेरै दयालु थिए।
11	They were doctors.	उनीहरू डाक्टर थिए।
12	They were excited.	उनीहरू उत्साहित थिए।
13	They were in the office.	उनीहरू कार्यालयमा थिए।
14	They were late.	उनीहरू ढिलो थिए।
15	They were with their parents.	उनीहरू आमाबाबुसँग थिए।
16	They were very poor.	उनीहरू धेरै गरिब थिए।
17	They were on holiday.	उनीहरू बिदामा थिए।
18	They were all students.	उनीहरू सबै विद्यार्थी थिए।
19	They were brave.	उनीहरू साहसी थिए।
20	They were my neighbors.	उनीहरू मेरा छिमेकी थिए।

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Negative Forms (नकारात्मक रूप)

Present Negative (वर्तमान नकारात्मक)

Subject	English	Nepali
I	am not	होइन (hoina)
He/She/It	is not / isn't	होइन / छैन (hoina / chaina)
You/We/They	are not / aren't	होइनन् / छैनन् (hoinan / chainan)

Examples:

#	English	Nepali
1	I am not happy.	म खुसी छैन।
2	He is not a teacher.	ऊ शिक्षक होइन।
3	She is not at home.	उनी घरमा छैनिन्।
4	It is not my book.	यो मेरो किताब होइन।
5	You are not ready.	तिमी तयार छैनौ।
6	We are not late.	हामी ढिलो छैनौं।
7	They are not here.	उनीहरू यहाँ छैनन्।

 

50 Practice Fill in the Blanks - Verb "To Be" (हुनु) - Mixed Questions

Instructions: Choose the correct form of "to be" (am, is, are, was, were) from the options in brackets.

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Questions 1–10

1.      I _____ a student at this school. (am / is / are)

2.      She _____ very happy with her new job. (am / is / are)

3.      They _____ playing in the garden right now. (am / is / are)

4.      We _____ tired after the long journey yesterday. (was / were / are)

5.      He _____ my best friend since childhood. (am / is / are)

6.      It _____ raining heavily outside. (am / is / are)

7.      You _____ looking very beautiful today. (am / is / are)

8.      I _____ hungry because I didn't eat breakfast. (am / is / are)

9.      The children _____ in the classroom now. (am / is / are)

10. She _____ a doctor at that hospital. (am / is / are)

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Questions 11–20

11. We _____ at the temple when you called us. (was / were / are)

12. My father _____ a very kind person. (am / is / are)

13. These books _____ very expensive. (am / is / are)

14. I _____ at home all day yesterday. (was / were / am)

15. They _____ from different countries. (am / is / are)

16. The food _____ delicious at that restaurant. (was / were / are)

17. You _____ late for the meeting this morning. (was / were / is)

18. She _____ not feeling well today. (am / is / are)

19. We _____ excited about our trip to Pokhara. (am / is / are)

20. It _____ a very cold night last winter. (was / were / is)

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Questions 21–30

21. My parents _____ very proud of me. (am / is / are)

22. I _____ nervous before the exam. (was / were / am)

23. He _____ a very talented musician. (am / is / are)

24. The flowers _____ beautiful in the garden. (am / is / are)

25. We _____ in the same class last year. (was / were /are)

26. She _____ the best singer in our school. (am / is / are)

27. They _____ busy with their work right now. (am / is / are)

28. It _____ my birthday yesterday. (was / were / is)

29. You _____ so kind to help me. (am / is / are)

30. I _____ very tired after the long walk. (am / is / are)

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Questions 31–40

31. The teacher _____ very strict with students. (am / is / are)

32. We _____ late because of the traffic jam. (was / were / are)

33. He _____ at the office when I called him. (was / were / is)

34. These mangoes _____ very sweet. (am / is / are)

35. She _____ a famous actress in Nepal. (am / is / are)

36. I _____ not ready for the presentation yet. (am / is / are)

37. They _____ at the cinema watching a movie. (am / is / are)

38. The weather _____ very pleasant today. (am / is / are)

39. We _____ very close friends in college. (was / were / are)

40. This house _____ very old and beautiful. (am / is / are)

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Questions 41–50

41. You _____ the most hardworking person I know. (am / is / are)

42. She _____ not at home when I went to meet her. (was / were / is)

43. The children _____ playing in the park yesterday. (was / were / are)

44. I _____ very interested in learning Nepali. (am / is / are)

45. They _____ from the same village as me. (am / is / are)

46. It _____ a great experience to visit that temple. (was / were / is)

47. We _____ all very grateful for your help. (am / is / are)

48. He _____ the captain of our football team. (am / is / are)

49. The shops _____ closed because of the festival. (am / is / are)

50. I _____ really surprised when I saw the news. (was / were / am)

Answers with Short Reasons

1.      am – Subject is I.

2.      is – Singular subject She.

3.      are – Plural subject They.

4.      were – Past tense with We.

5.      is – Singular subject He.

6.      is – It takes is.

7.      are – You takes are.

8.      am – Subject is I.

9.      are – Plural subject children.

10. is – Singular subject She.

11. were – Past tense with We.

12. is – Singular subject father.

13. are – Plural subject books.

14. was – Past tense with I.

15. are – Plural subject They.

16. was – Past tense (at that restaurant).

17. were – Past tense with You.

18. is – Singular subject She.

19. are – Subject is We.

20. was – Past tense with It.

21. are – Plural subject parents.

22. was – Past tense with I.

23. is – Singular subject He.

24. are – Plural subject flowers.

25. were – Past tense with We.

26. is – Singular subject She.

27. are – Plural subject They.

28. was – Past tense with It.

29. are – You takes are.

30. am – Subject is I.

31. is – Singular subject teacher.

32. were – Past tense with We.

33. was – Past tense with He.

34. are – Plural subject mangoes.

35. is – Singular subject She.

36. am – Subject is I.

37. are – Plural subject They.

38. is – Singular subject weather.

39. were – Past tense with We.

40. is – Singular subject house.

41. are – You takes are.

42. was – Past tense with She.

43. were – Past tense with children.

44. am – Subject is I.

45. are – Plural subject They.

46. was – Past tense with It.

47. are – Subject is We.

48. is – Singular subject He.

49. are – Plural subject shops.

50. was – Past tense with I.