Pronouns and Demonstrative Words Used to Point to or Refer to Someone or Something

Pronouns and Demonstrative Words Used to Point to or Refer to Someone or Something

I have organized them into categories for easy understanding.

1. Personal Pronouns (मैं, तँ, उ, etc.)

These replace specific people or things.

Person	English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)
1st Person (Singular)	I	Ma	म
1st Person (Plural)	We	Haami	हामी
2nd Person (Singular)	You (Informal/Low respect)	Ta	तँ
	You (Middle/Equal respect)	Timi	तिमी
	You (Formal/High respect)	Tapai	तपाईं
2nd Person (Plural)	You all (Formal)	Tapai-haru	तपाईंहरू
3rd Person (Singular)	He / She / It (Near)	Yo / U (depending on distance)	यो / उ
3rd Person (Plural)	They (Near)	Yini-haru	यिनीहरू
	They (Far/Respectful)	Uni-haru	उनीहरू

---

2. Demonstrative Pronouns (This, That, These, Those)

These point to specific things or people based on distance (near vs. far).

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)	Usage
This	Yo	यो	Points to something near the speaker.
That	Tyō	त्यो	Points to something a bit far from the speaker.
That (over there)	U	उ	Points to something very far or out of sight.
These	Yī	यी	Points to multiple things near the speaker.
Those	Tī	ती	Points to multiple things far from the speaker.

---

3. Demonstrative Adjectives (This book, That house)

When these words are used before a noun to describe it.

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)	Example
This (Adj)	Yo	यो	This book = Yo kitab (यो किताब)
That (Adj)	Tyō	त्यो	That house = Tyō ghar (त्यो घर)
These (Adj)	Yī	यी	These apples = Yī syaau (यी स्याउ)
Those (Adj)	Tī	ती	Those trees = Tī rukh (ती रुख)

---

4. Possessive Pronouns (Mine, Yours, His, Hers, Ours, Theirs)

These show ownership without needing a noun after them.

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)
Mine	Mero	मेरो
Yours (Informal)	Tero	तेरो
Yours (Middle)	Timro	तिम्रो
Yours (Formal)	Tapai-ko	तपाईंको
His / Hers / Its	Us-ko	उसको
Ours	Haamro	हाम्रो
Theirs (Near)	Yini-haru-ko	यिनीहरूको
Theirs (Far)	Uni-haru-ko	उनीहरूको

---

5. Possessive Adjectives (My, Your, His, Her, Our, Their)

These show ownership but are followed by a noun (e.g., My book).

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)	Example
My	Mero	मेरो	My pen = Mero kalam
Your (Informal)	Tero	तेरो	Your bag = Tero jhola
Your (Middle)	Timro	तिम्रो	Your car = Timro gadi
Your (Formal)	Tapai-ko	तपाईंको	Your office = Tapai-ko karyalaya
His / Her / Its	Us-ko	उसको	His name = Us-ko naam
Our	Haamro	हाम्रो	Our school = Haamro vidyalaya
Their	Uni-haru-ko	उनीहरूको	Their home = Uni-haru-ko ghar

---

6. Reflexive Pronouns (Myself, Yourself, Himself, etc.)

These refer back to the subject (e.g., "I hurt myself").

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)
Myself	Aafai / Ma aafai	आफैं / म आफैं
Yourself (Middle)	Timi aafai	तिमी आफैं
Yourself (Formal)	Tapai aafai	तपाईं आफैं
Himself / Herself / Itself	Us-le aafai	उसले आफैं
Ourselves	Haami aafai	हामी आफैं
Themselves	Uni-haru aafai	उनीहरू आफैं

---

7. Demonstrative Adverbs (Here, There, Over there)

These point to locations of people or things.

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)	Usage
Here	Yahā̃	यहाँ	Near the speaker.
There	Tyahā̃	त्यहाँ	A bit far from the speaker.
Over there	Wahā̃	वहाँ	Very far or respectfully distant.

---

8. Indefinite Pronouns (Someone, Anyone, Everybody, etc.)

These refer to non-specific people or things.

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)
Someone / Somebody	Koi	कोई
Anyone / Anybody	Jō kōi	जो कोई
No one / Nobody	Kōhi chaina / Kasai-lai chaina	कोही छैन / कसैलाई छैन
Everyone / Everybody	Sabai-jana	सबैजना
Everything	Sabai-kura / Sabai-cheez	सबै कुरा / सबै चीज
Something	Kehi	केही
Anything	Jēhi-pani	जेही पनि
Nothing	Kehi-panī chaina	केही पनि छैन

---

9. Interrogative Pronouns (Who, What, Which, Whose)

These are used to ask questions about people or things.

English	Nepali (Roman)	Nepali (Devanagari)
Who?	Kō?	को?
What?	Kē?	के?
Which?	Kuna? / Kō?	कुन? / को?
Whose?	Kas-ko?	कसको?
Whom?	Kas-lai?	कसलाई?

---

Key Cultural Note on Nepali Pronouns

Unlike English, Nepali has three levels of formality for "You":

• तँ (Ta) – Used with very close friends, children, or deities (very informal).
• तिमी (Timi) – Used with equals, friends, or younger people (neutral).
• तपाईं (Tapai) – Used with elders, strangers, or in formal settings (respectful).

 

50 Example Sentences Using All the Categories Above

Each sentence is given in English first, followed by Nepali (Roman) and Nepali (Devanagari).

---

A. Personal Pronouns (I, We, You, He, She, They)

1.      I am a student.
Ma vidyarthi hu.
म विद्यार्थी हुँ।

2.      We are going to the market.
Haami bazar jadai chhau.
हामी बजार जाँदै छौं।

3.      You (informal) are very smart.
Ta dherai buddhi-man chhas.
तँ धेरै बुद्धिमान् छस्।

4.      You (middle) look beautiful today.
Timi aaja ramri dekhinchhau.
तिमी आज राम्री देखिन्छौ।

5.      You (formal) are very kind.
Tapai dherai dayalu hunuhunchha.
तपाईं धेरै दयालु हुनुहुन्छ।

6.      He is my brother.
U mero bhai ho.
उ मेरो भाइ हो।

7.      She is a doctor.
U doctor ho.
उ डाक्टर हो।

8.      They (near) are my friends.
Yini-haru mera sathi hoon.
यिनीहरू मेरा साथी हुन्।

9.      They (far) are coming tomorrow.
Uni-haru bholi aaunuhunchha.
उनीहरू भोलि आउनुहुन्छ।

---

B. Demonstrative Pronouns (This, That, These, Those)

10. This is my book.
Yo mero kitab ho.
यो मेरो किताब हो।

11. That is your house.
Tyō timro ghar ho.
त्यो तिम्रो घर हो।

12. That (over there) is a temple.
U mandir ho.
उ मन्दिर हो।

13. These are my parents.
Yī mera aama-buwa hoon.
यी मेरा आमा-बुवा हुन्।

14. Those are mountains.
Tī pahad hoon.
ती पहाड हुन्।

---

C. Demonstrative Adjectives (This + Noun, That + Noun)

15. This car is very expensive.
Yo gadi dherai mahango chha.
यो गाडी धेरै महङ्गो छ।

16. That dog is barking loudly.
Tyō kukur thulo sworle bhukiraheko chha.
त्यो कुकुर ठूलो स्वरले भुकिरहेको छ।

17. These flowers smell nice.
Yī phoolharu ramro basna auchhan.
यी फूलहरू राम्रो बास्ना आउँछन्।

18. Those birds are flying.
Tī charaharu udiraheka chhan.
ती चराहरू उडिरहेका छन्।

---

D. Possessive Adjectives (My, Your, His, Her, Our, Their)

19. My name is Sita.
Mero naam Sita ho.
मेरो नाम सीता हो।

20. Your (informal) phone is ringing.
Tero phone bajiraheko chha.
तेरो फोन बजिरहेको छ।

21. Your (middle) bag is heavy.
Timro jhola gahro chha.
तिम्रो झोला गह्रो छ।

22. Your (formal) order is ready.
Tapai-ko order tayar chha.
तपाईंको अर्डर तयार छ।

23. His father is a farmer.
Us-ko buba kisan hunuhunchha.
उसको बुबा किसान हुनुहुन्छ।

24. Her dress is red.
Us-ko dress rato chha.
उसको ड्रेस रातो छ।

25. Our school is nearby.
Haamro vidyalaya najik chha.
हाम्रो विद्यालय नजिक छ।

26. Their children are playing.
Uni-haru-ko bachchaharu kheliraheka chhan.
उनीहरूको बच्चाहरू खेलिरहेका छन्।

---

E. Possessive Pronouns (Mine, Yours, His, Hers, Ours, Theirs)

27. This pen is mine.
Yo kalam mero ho.
यो कलम मेरो हो।

28. That book is yours (middle).
Tyō kitab timro ho.
त्यो किताब तिम्रो हो।

29. This house is ours.
Yo ghar haamro ho.
यो घर हाम्रो हो।

30. That car is theirs (far).
Tyō gadi uni-haru-ko ho.
त्यो गाडी उनीहरूको हो।

31. This phone is his.
Yo phone us-ko ho.
यो फोन उसको हो।

32. These clothes are hers.
Yī luga us-ko hoon.
यी लुगा उसको हुन्।

---

F. Reflexive Pronouns (Myself, Yourself, Himself, etc.)

33. I hurt myself while cooking.
Maile pakhauda aafai laai chot pugayo.
मैले पकाउँदा आफैं लाई चोट पुगायो।

34. You (middle) should believe in yourself.
Timile aafai ma bishwas garnu parchha.
तिमीले आफैं मा विश्वास गर्नु पर्छ।

35. He made this cake himself.
Us-le yo cake aafai banayo.
उसले यो केक आफैं बनायो।

36. She painted this picture herself.
Us-le yo chitra aafai banayo.
उसले यो चित्र आफैं बनायो।

37. We cleaned the room ourselves.
Haamile kotha aafai safa garyau.
हामीले कोठा आफैं सफा गर्यौं।

38. They built this house themselves.
Uni-haru-le yo ghar aafai banaye.
उनीहरूले यो घर आफैं बनाए।

---

G. Demonstrative Adverbs (Here, There, Over there)

39. Please come here.
Yahā̃ aunus.
यहाँ आउनुस्।

40. Keep the bag there.
Jhola tyahā̃ rakh.
झोला त्यहाँ राख।

41. The temple is over there.
Mandir wahā̃ chha.
मन्दिर वहाँ छ।

42. I live here with my family.
Ma yahā̃ mero pariwar sanga baschhu.
म यहाँ मेरो परिवार सँग बस्छु।

---

H. Indefinite Pronouns (Someone, Anyone, Everybody, Nothing, etc.)

43. Someone is at the door.
Koi dhoka-ma chhan.
कोई ढोकामा छन्।

44. Nobody came to the party.
Party-ma kohi aayena.
पार्टीमा कोही आएन।

45. Everybody loves chocolate.
Sabai-jana chocolate manparau chhan.
सबैजना चकलेट मनपराउँछन्।

46. I need something to eat.
Malai kehi khanu chha.
मलाई केही खानु छ।

47. Is there anything I can do?
Kē ma kehi garna sakchhu?
के म केही गर्न सक्छु?

48. There is nothing in the fridge.
Fridge-ma kehi-pani chhaina.
फ्रिजमा केही पनि छैन।

49. Everything is expensive now.
Aajkal sabai-kura mahango chha.
अहिले सबै कुरा महङ्गो छ।

---

I. Interrogative Pronouns (Who, What, Which, Whose)

50. Who is that girl?
Tyō keti ko ho?
त्यो केटी को हो?

51. What are you doing?
Timi ke gardai chhau?
तिमी के गर्दै छौ?

52. Which dress should I wear?
Maile kuna dress lagaunu?
मैले कुन ड्रेस लगाउनु?

53. Whose phone is this?
Yo phone kas-ko ho?
यो फोन कसको हो?

54. Whom did you meet?
Timile kas-lai bhetaichhau?
तिमीले कसलाई भेटाइछौ?

---

J. Mixed Sentences (Combining Multiple Types)

55. This is my house, and that over there is theirs.
Yo mero ghar ho, ra tyō uni-haru-ko ho.
यो मेरो घर हो, र त्यो उनीहरूको हो।

56. These apples are ours, but those oranges are yours (formal).
Yī syaau haamro hoon, tara tī suntala tapai-ko hoon.
यी स्याउ हाम्रो हुन्, तर ती सुन्तला तपाईंको हुन्।

57. She made dinner herself because nobody helped her.
Us-le aafai khana banayin, kinaki kasai-le us-lai sahayog garena.
उसले आफैं खाना बनाइन्, किनकि कसैले उसलाई सहयोग गरेन।

58. Everyone says this building is ours, but who owns it?
Sabai-jana bhanchhan yo bhavan haamro ho, tara ko ko ho malik?
सबैजना भन्छन् यो भवन हाम्रो हो, तर को हो मालिक?

59. You (formal) should take care of yourself, and we will handle everything.
Tapai aafai ko khyal rakhunus, ra haami sabai-kura herchhau.
तपाईं आफैं को ख्याल राख्नुस्, र हामी सबै कुरा हेर्छौं।

60. I found something interesting here, but what is that over there?
Maile yahā̃ kehi ramro paaye, tara tyō ke ho?
मैले यहाँ केही राम्रो पाए, तर त्यो के हो?

 Fill in the Blanks (Pronouns & Demonstratives)

Choose the correct word from the brackets. Answers are not included.

1.      (I / Me / My) _______ am going to the market.

2.      (We / Us / Our) _______ school is nearby.

3.      (You / Your / Yours) _______ (informal) are very smart.

4.      (He / Him / His) _______ is my brother.

5.      (She / Her / Hers) _______ is a doctor.

6.      (They / Them / Their) _______ (far) are coming tomorrow.

7.      _______ (This / These / That) is my book.

8.      _______ (That / Those / These) are mountains.

9.      _______ (This / These / That) car is very expensive.

10. _______ (These / Those / This) flowers smell nice.

11. _______ (My / Mine / I) name is Sita.

12. _______ (Your / Yours / You) (formal) order is ready.

13. _______ (His / He / Him) father is a farmer.

14. _______ (Our / Ours / We) school is nearby.

15. This pen is _______ (my / mine / I).

16. That book is _______ (your / yours / you) (middle).

17. This house is _______ (our / ours / we).

18. This phone is _______ (his / him / he).

19. I hurt _______ (me / myself / my) while cooking.

20. You (middle) should believe in _______ (you / your / yourself).

21. He made this cake _______ (him / himself / his).

22. We cleaned the room _______ (our / ourselves / us).

23. Please come _______ (there / here / where).

24. Keep the bag _______ (here / there / where).

25. The temple is _______ (there / here / over there).

26. _______ (Someone / Anyone / Everyone) is at the door.

27. _______ (Nobody / Anybody / Everybody) came to the party.

28. _______ (Everybody / Somebody / Nobody) loves chocolate.

29. I need _______ (anything / something / nothing) to eat.

30. Is there _______ (something / anything / nothing) I can do?

31. There is _______ (something / anything / nothing) in the fridge.

32. _______ (Everything / Nothing / Something) is expensive now.

33. _______ (Who / What / Which) is that girl?

34. _______ (What / Who / Which) are you doing?

35. _______ (Which / What / Who) dress should I wear?

36. _______ (Whose / Who's / Who) phone is this?

37. _______ (Whom / Who / What) did you meet?

38. This is my house, and that over there is _______ (their / theirs / them).

39. These apples are ours, but those oranges are _______ (your / yours / you) (formal).

40. She made dinner _______ (her / herself / hers) because nobody helped her.

41. _______ (Everyone / Someone / No one) says this building is ours, but who owns it?

42. You (formal) should take care of _______ (you / your / yourself), and we will handle everything.

43. I found _______ (something / anything / nothing) interesting here, but what is that over there?

44. _______ (This / These / That) is my book, and _______ (that / those / these) is your pen.

45. _______ (We / Our / Ours) are going to the market, and _______ (they / their / theirs) are coming too.

 Here are the answers with short reasons for each blank:

1.      I – Subject of the verb "am going" (personal pronoun, subjective case).

2.      Our – Shows possession before the noun "school" (possessive adjective).

3.      You – Subject pronoun for the informal "you" (personal pronoun).

4.      He – Subject pronoun referring to a male (personal pronoun).

5.      She – Subject pronoun referring to a female (personal pronoun).

6.      They – Subject pronoun for "far" plural (personal pronoun).

7.      This – Singular, near demonstrative pronoun (pointing to one thing close by).

8.      Those – Plural, far demonstrative pronoun (pointing to mountains at a distance).

9.      This – Singular demonstrative adjective modifying "car" (near).

10. These – Plural demonstrative adjective modifying "flowers" (near).

11. My – Possessive adjective showing ownership before "name".

12. Your – Possessive adjective (formal) showing respect before "order".

13. His – Possessive adjective showing ownership before "father".

14. Our – Possessive adjective before "school" (shows group ownership).

15. mine – Possessive pronoun standing alone (no noun after it).

16. yours – Possessive pronoun standing alone (refers to "your book").

17. ours – Possessive pronoun standing alone (refers to "our house").

18. his – Possessive pronoun standing alone (refers to "his phone").

19. myself – Reflexive pronoun – the subject (I) acts on itself.

20. yourself – Reflexive pronoun – the subject (you) acts on itself.

21. himself – Reflexive pronoun – the subject (he) acts on itself.

22. ourselves – Reflexive pronoun – the subject (we) acts on itself.

23. here – Demonstrative adverb for the speaker's location (near).

24. there – Demonstrative adverb for a location away from the speaker.

25. over there – Demonstrative adverb for a distant location.

26. Someone – Indefinite pronoun – an unknown person (affirmative).

27. Nobody – Indefinite pronoun – zero people (negative meaning).

28. Everybody – Indefinite pronoun – all people (affirmative).

29. something – Indefinite pronoun – an unspecified thing (affirmative).

30. anything – Indefinite pronoun – used in questions.

31. nothing – Indefinite pronoun – zero things (negative meaning).

32. Everything – Indefinite pronoun – all things (affirmative).

33. Who – Interrogative pronoun asking about a person (subject).

34. What – Interrogative pronoun asking about an action/thing.

35. Which – Interrogative pronoun asking for a choice among options.

36. Whose – Interrogative pronoun asking about possession.

37. Whom – Interrogative pronoun asking about a person (object).

38. theirs – Possessive pronoun standing alone (refers to "their house").

39. yours – Possessive pronoun (formal) standing alone.

40. herself – Reflexive pronoun – she did it alone (emphasis).

41. Everyone – Indefinite pronoun – all people (affirmative statement).

42. yourself – Reflexive pronoun – formal "you" taking care of itself.

43. something – Indefinite pronoun – an unspecified thing (affirmative).

44. This (near, singular) / that (far, singular) – Demonstrative pronouns.

45. We (subject pronoun) / they (subject pronoun) – Both are subjects of their verbs.