YES, NO and NOT GIVEN in
IELTS Reading
· it
agrees with the views of the writer – YES (Y)
· it
disagrees with or contradicts what the writer thinks – NO (N)
· it
is impossible to know what the writer’s point of view is – NOT GIVEN (NG)
Sample
1
But salt is also an essential element. Without it, life
itself would be impossible since the human body requires the mineral in order
to function properly. The concentration of sodium .ions in the blood is
directly related to the regulation of safe body fluid levels. And while we are
all familiar with its many uses in cooking, we may not be aware that this
element is used in some 14,000 commercial applications. From manufacturing pulp
and paper to setting dyes in textiles and fabric, from producing soaps and
detergents to making our roads safe in winter, salt plays an essential part in
our daily lives. Salt has a long and influential role in world history. From
the dawn of civilization, it has been a key factor in economic, religious,
social and political development in every corner of the world, it has been the
subject of superstition, folklore, and warfare, and has even been used as
currency.
Questions
1.
It is possible to live without consuming salt.
2.
Sodium ions control body fluid levels.
3.
Salt has only culinary uses.
4.
Salt deficiency results in diseases.
5.
Salt has been used as money.
Sample 2
The ecotourism business is still very much in
need of a shake-up and a standardised approach. There are a few organisations
that have sprung up in the last ten years or so that endeavour to educate
travelers and operators about the benefits of responsible ecotourism. Founded
in 1990, the Ecotourism Society (TES) is a non-profit organization of travel
industry, conservation, and ecological professionals, which aims to make
ecotourism a genuine tool for conservation and sustainable development. Helping
to create inherent economic value in wilderness environments and threatened
cultures has undoubtedly been one of the ecotourism movement’s most notable
achievements. TES organizes an annual initiative to further aid the development
of the ecotourism industry. This year it is launching ‘Your Travel Choice Makes
a Difference’, an educational campaign aimed at helping consumers understand
the potential positive and negative impacts of their travel decisions. TES also
offers guidance on the choice of ecotour and
has established a register of
approved ecotourism operators around the world.
Questions
1. Over the decade, organizations have been
introduced to educate travelers and visitors about the advantages of
ecotourism.
2. Ecotourism business has acquired a strong position in the
market.
3. The Ecotourism Society (TES) was first established in 1990 with
the objective of making ecotourism a genuinely used tool for conservation and
substantial development.
4. TES guides the travelers on the choice of their ecotourism and
sponsors them.
5. An educational campaign was introduced by TES to make the
tourists understand the negative and positive impacts of their travel
decisions.
Sample 3
In Australia, the University of Sydney’s
Professor Ian Caterson says while major genetic defects may be rare, many
people probably have minor genetic variations that combine to dictate the
weight and are responsible for things such as how much we eat, the amount of
exercise we do and the amount of energy we need. When you add up all these
little variations, the result is that some people are genetically predisposed
to putting on weight. He says while the fast/slow metabolism debate may have
been settled, that doesn’t mean some other subtle change in the metabolism gene
won’t be found in overweight people. He is confident that science will,
eventually, be able to ‘cure’ some forms of obesity. Still, the only effective
way for the vast majority of overweight and obese people to lose weight is a
change of diet and an increase in exercise.
Questions
1.Dr Susan Jebb said that the genetic defects
for obesity may be rare.
2. Some people are genetically liable to putting on weight.
3. Caterson believed that science will help in curing some of the
obesity forms.
4. Obese people often try to deny their responsibility.
5. One of the most effective ways to lose
weight is to exercise daily, and follow a healthy-eating plan.
Sample 4
The concept of indoor farming is not new since hothouse
production of tomatoes and other produce has been in vogue for some time. What
is new is the urgent need to scale up this technology to accommodate another
three billion people. Many believe an entirely new approach to indoor farming
is needed, employing cutting-edge technologies. One such proposal is for the
“Vertical Farm”. These are multi-story buildings in which food crops are grown
in environmentally controlled conditions. Situated in the heart of urban
centres, they would drastically reduce the amount of transportation required to
bring food to consumers. Vertical farms would need to be efficient, cheap to
construct, and safe to operate. If successfully implemented, proponents claim,
vertical farms offer the promise of urban renewal, sustainable production of
safe and varied food supply (through year-round production of all crops), and
the eventual repair of ecosystems that have been sacrificed for horizontal
farming.
Questions
1. Vertical farm technology will accommodate
the production for another three billion people – No.
2. Vertical farming is proposed by people as a part of a new
approach to indoor farming.
3.Vertical farming technologies face economic challenges with
large start-up costs compared to traditional farms.
4. Vertical farming would reduce the use of transportation
required to carry food items to the consumers.
5. With the implementation of vertical farms,
there will be a reliable production of safe and varied food supplies.
Sample 5
Humans and monkeys are mammals, in the animal
family known as primates. These are not the only animals whose numerical
capacities rely on ratio. The same seems to apply to some amphibians.
Psychologist Claudia Uller’s team tempted salamanders with two sets of
fruit flies held in clear tubes. In a series of trials, the researchers noted
which tube the salamanders scampered towards, reasoning that if they could
recognize the number, they would head for the larger number. The salamanders
successfully discriminated between tubes containing 8 and 16 flies
respectively, but not between 3 and 4. 4 and 6, or 8 and 12. So it seems that
for the salamanders to discriminate between two numbers, the larger must be at
least twice as big as the smaller. However, they could differentiate between 2
and 3 flies and between 1 and 2 flies, suggesting they recognize small numbers
differently from larger numbers.
Questions
1. Primates are the only animals whose
numerical capacities rely on ratio.
2.
Salamanders were tempted by two sets of fruit flies by Claudia Uller and the researchers.
3. It was
very difficult for Claudia Uller’s team to recognize the scampered salamanders
in the tube.
4.
Salamanders could easily discriminate between the tubes containing 8 and 12
flies.
5. The researchers gave a final reason that
the salamanders could discriminate between two numbers in which the larger
number must be twice as big as the smaller number.
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